University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Jan;36(1-2):62-82. doi: 10.1177/0886260517726414. Epub 2017 Aug 21.
Research has demonstrated significantly higher rates of sexual assault victimization among lesbian, gay, bisexual and queer (LGBQ) students than heterosexual students, and the overwhelming majority of assaults are not reported to any official system. Given the potential for support services to provide valuable assistance and promote well-being after an assault, the present study explores whether LGBQ students report assaults at similar rates to heterosexual students. As part of the 2015 College Student Health Survey, 10,646 male and female college students at 2- and 4-year colleges in Minnesota provided data regarding sexual assault victimization; reporting to a health care provider, campus authority, police, or social contact; and sexual orientation (two items, including write-in). Chi-square tests were used to detect associations between sexual assault victimization and five sexual orientation groups; and between sexual orientation and assault reporting (for 523 assault incidents). Almost 6% of students reported that they had experienced sexual assault in the previous 12 months. Significant differences in assault experience were seen by sexual orientation groups, for both males and females. For example, rates of sexual assault were 2.5 to over 5 times higher among bisexual and queer/pansexual/other females than among heterosexual females. Reporting of sexual assault to health care providers, campus authorities or police was rare for both heterosexual and sexual minority students, and there were no significant differences in reporting across sexual orientation. LGBQ students and heterosexual students appear to be similarly comfortable accessing health care providers, police, and campus resources, suggesting that these services are not overtly biased or unwelcoming to sexual minorities. However, rates of sexual assault were considerably higher among sexual minority groups, suggesting a need for primary prevention that is appropriate and sensitive to the experiences of LGBQ students.
研究表明，同性恋、双性恋和酷儿（LGBQ）学生比异性恋学生遭受性侵犯的比率要高得多，而且绝大多数性侵犯事件都没有向任何官方系统报告。鉴于支持服务有可能在性侵犯后提供有价值的帮助和促进幸福感，本研究探讨了 LGBQ 学生是否像异性恋学生一样报告性侵犯事件。作为 2015 年大学生健康调查的一部分，明尼苏达州的 2 年制和 4 年制学院的 10646 名男女大学生提供了关于性侵犯受害的数据；向医疗保健提供者、校园当局、警察或社会联系人报告；以及性取向（两个项目，包括手写）。卡方检验用于检测性侵犯受害与五个性取向群体之间的关联；以及性取向与袭击报告之间的关联（523 起袭击事件）。近 6%的学生报告说，他们在过去 12 个月中经历过性侵犯。不同性取向群体的性侵犯经历存在显著差异，无论是男性还是女性。例如，双性恋和酷儿/泛性恋/其他女性的性侵犯率是异性恋女性的 2.5 倍以上。异性恋和性少数群体学生向医疗保健提供者、校园当局或警察报告性侵犯的情况都很少见，而且性取向之间没有报告差异。LGBQ 学生和异性恋学生似乎都同样愿意接受医疗保健提供者、警察和校园资源，这表明这些服务对性少数群体没有明显的偏见或不欢迎。然而，性少数群体的性侵犯率要高得多，这表明需要进行适当且敏感地针对 LGBQ 学生的经历的初级预防。
