Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Feb;36(3-4):1568-1587. doi: 10.1177/0886260517742911. Epub 2017 Nov 23.
The present article studies war-related trauma and its effects on children living in the Gaza Strip, 6 months after the attack launched by the Israeli army on July 8, 2014, which lasted for 51 days. The objective was twofold: (a) to identify the prevalence of exposure to traumatic events and (b) to examine the symptoms of traumatic stress in children as described by their parents or tutors using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Data from 1,850 male and female children aged between 6 and 15 years living in the Gaza Strip were collected throughout the months of February and April 2015, that is 6 months after the attack. Results showed that the majority of the children were exposed to bombardments and residential area destruction (83.51%), were confined at home unable to go outside (72.92%), were witness to the profanation of mosques (70.38%), were exposed to combat situations (66.65%), and saw corpses (59.95%). A sample of 275 males (28.3%) and 232 females (26.5%) showed diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Gender and age were independent of PTSD. The presence of this pathology was positively related to the number of trauma events experienced. The type of traumatic experience was hardly related to age and gender. A greater protection on behalf of the families against exposure to traumatic events could explain these differences.
本文研究了与战争相关的创伤及其对生活在加沙地带的儿童的影响，这是在 2014 年 7 月 8 日以色列军队发动为期 51 天的袭击 6 个月后进行的。目的有两个：（a）确定儿童接触创伤性事件的普遍程度；（b）通过父母或导师使用哈佛创伤问卷（HTQ）来检查儿童创伤后应激症状。2015 年 2 月至 4 月期间，在加沙地带收集了 1850 名 6 至 15 岁的男女儿童的数据，这是袭击发生 6 个月后的数据。结果表明，大多数儿童暴露于轰炸和居民区被毁（83.51%）、被限制在家中无法外出（72.92%）、目睹清真寺亵渎（70.38%）、接触战斗情况（66.65%）和看到尸体（59.95%）。275 名男性（28.3%）和 232 名女性（26.5%）出现创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）诊断。性别和年龄与 PTSD 无关。这种病理的存在与经历的创伤事件数量呈正相关。创伤经历的类型与年龄和性别几乎没有关系。家庭对儿童免受创伤事件的保护可以解释这些差异。
