肌动蛋白细胞骨架和基于肌动蛋白的运动。
The Actin Cytoskeleton and Actin-Based Motility.
机构信息
Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 221 Leidy Labs, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.
出版信息
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2018 Jan 2;10(1):a018267. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a018267.
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton-a collection of actin filaments with their accessory and regulatory proteins-is the primary force-generating machinery in the cell. It can produce pushing (protrusive) forces through coordinated polymerization of multiple actin filaments or pulling (contractile) forces through sliding actin filaments along bipolar filaments of myosin II. Both force types are particularly important for whole-cell migration, but they also define and change the cell shape and mechanical properties of the cell surface, drive the intracellular motility and morphogenesis of membrane organelles, and allow cells to form adhesions with each other and with the extracellular matrix.
摘要
细胞中的 actin 细胞骨架——由肌动蛋白丝及其辅助和调节蛋白组成——是产生力的主要机械装置。它可以通过多个肌动蛋白丝的协调聚合产生推力（推进力），或者通过肌球蛋白 II 的双极丝上的肌动蛋白丝滑动产生拉力（收缩力）。这两种力对于整个细胞的迁移都非常重要，但它们也定义和改变了细胞的形状和表面的机械性能，驱动了膜细胞器的细胞内运动和形态发生，并使细胞能够与彼此和细胞外基质形成黏附。
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