Navarro-Cubas Xavier, Palermo Valentina, French Anne, Sanchis-Mora Sandra, Culshaw Geoff
University of Liverpool, Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
Anderson and Moores Veterinary Specialists, The Granary, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire, SO21 2LL, UK.
Open Vet J. 2017;7(4):349-359. doi: 10.4314/ovj.v7i4.11. Epub 2017 Dec 9.
The objective of this study was to determine the demographic, clinical and survival characteristics and to identify risk factors for mortality due to tricuspid valve dysplasia in UK dogs. Records of client-owned dogs diagnosed with tricuspid valve dysplasia at a referral centre were retrospectively reviewed. Only dogs diagnosed with tricuspid valve dysplasia based on the presence of a right-sided heart murmur identified prior to one year of age, and confirmed with Doppler echocardiography, were included. Dogs with concomitant cardiac diseases, pulmonary hypertension and/or trivial tricuspid regurgitation were excluded. Analysed data included signalment, reason for presentation, clinical signs, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic features, survival status and cause of death. Survival times and risk factors for mortality were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression. Eighteen dogs met inclusion criteria. Border collies were over-represented (p= 0.014). Dogs were most frequently referred for investigation of heart murmur. The most common arrhythmia was atrial fibrillation (n=3). Median survival time from diagnosis of tricuspid valve dysplasia was 2775 days (range 1-3696 days; 95% CI 1542.41-4007.59) and from onset of right-sided congestive heart failure was 181 days (range 1-2130 days; 95% CI 0-455.59). Syncope was the sole risk factor for cardiac death. In this population of UK dogs, tricuspid valve dysplasia was uncommon but, when severe, frequently led to right-sided congestive heart failure. Prognosis was favourable for mild and moderate tricuspid dysplasia. Survival time was reduced with right-sided congestive heart failure but varied widely. Risk of cardiac death was significantly increased if syncope had occurred.
本研究的目的是确定英国犬只三尖瓣发育异常的人口统计学、临床和生存特征，并识别死亡风险因素。对转诊中心诊断为三尖瓣发育异常的客户拥有犬只的记录进行了回顾性审查。仅纳入基于一岁前发现的右侧心脏杂音诊断为三尖瓣发育异常且经多普勒超声心动图确认的犬只。伴有心脏病、肺动脉高压和/或轻度三尖瓣反流的犬只被排除。分析的数据包括信号、就诊原因、临床症状、心电图和超声心动图特征、生存状态和死亡原因。使用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Cox回归评估生存时间和死亡风险因素。18只犬符合纳入标准。边境牧羊犬占比过高（p = 0.014）。犬只因心脏杂音检查而转诊最为常见。最常见的心律失常是心房颤动（n = 3）。从诊断三尖瓣发育异常起的中位生存时间为2775天（范围1 - 3696天；95% CI 1542.41 - 4007.59），从右侧充血性心力衰竭发作起为181天（范围1 - 2130天；95% CI 0 - 455.59）。晕厥是心脏死亡的唯一风险因素。在这群英国犬中，三尖瓣发育异常并不常见，但严重时常导致右侧充血性心力衰竭。轻度和中度三尖瓣发育异常的预后良好。右侧充血性心力衰竭会缩短生存时间，但差异很大。如果发生晕厥，心脏死亡风险会显著增加。
