Ferreira Marisa da Fonseca, Aylor Arielle Elizabeth Ann, Mellanby Richard John, Campbell Susan Mary, Gow Adam George
Hospital for Small Animals, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, UK.
Open Vet J. 2017;7(4):360-366. doi: 10.4314/ovj.v7i4.12. Epub 2017 Dec 13.
Lethargy is a frequent and important clinical feature of anaemia; however, it does not absolutely correlate with the severity of anaemia. Manganese is efficiently absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract via divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), which is also responsible for iron transport. DMT1 is upregulated in iron deficiency (ID). Increased manganese concentrations are reported in ID anaemia (IDA) in various species. Manganese is neurotoxic and therefore may contribute to lethargy observed in some anaemic patients. In addition, anaemia and ID are common in human inflammatory bowel disease. Little is known about how anaemia influences manganese metabolism in veterinary patients and how common is anaemia in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE). If elevated manganese concentrations are found, then potentially neurotoxicity may be contributing to morbidity in these cases. The objectives of this study were to investigate the hypothesis that whole blood manganese concentrations would be increased in dogs with anaemia, particularly in dogs with confirmed IDA, and that anaemia would be common in canine CE. Medical records from 2012-2016 were reviewed for dogs with CE that were anaemic, as well as dogs with confirmed IDA, where a sample suitable for manganese analysis was held in an archive. Manganese concentration was measured in whole blood from: 11 anaemic dogs with CE, 6 dogs with IDA, 9 non-anaemic ill controls, and 12 healthy controls. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests with post-test Dunn's multiple comparisons tests were performed, with P<0.05 considered significant. The prevalence of anaemia in canine CE was 20.6% (33/160). Manganese concentrations were significantly different between all groups (=0.0001) and higher in non-anaemic than anaemic dogs (=0.0078). Manganese concentrations were also higher in healthy compared to ill controls (<0.0001), anaemic dogs with CE (=0.0056) and to dogs with IDA (=0.0001). No differences were observed between anaemic dogs with CE, IDA and ill controls. Although anaemia was frequently observed in canine CE, the hypothesis that dogs with anaemia would have increased manganese concentrations, possibly contributing to a lethargic state was not supported. Further research is warranted to understand the influence of anaemia on whole blood manganese.
嗜睡是贫血常见且重要的临床特征；然而，它与贫血的严重程度并无绝对关联。锰通过二价金属转运蛋白1（DMT1）经胃肠道高效吸收，DMT1也负责铁的转运。DMT1在缺铁（ID）时上调。在多种物种的缺铁性贫血（IDA）中均报道有锰浓度升高。锰具有神经毒性，因此可能是导致部分贫血患者出现嗜睡的原因。此外，贫血和ID在人类炎症性肠病中很常见。关于贫血如何影响兽医临床患者的锰代谢以及慢性肠病（CE）犬的贫血有多常见，人们知之甚少。如果发现锰浓度升高，那么潜在的神经毒性可能是这些病例发病的原因。本研究的目的是调查以下假设：贫血犬，尤其是确诊为IDA的犬，全血锰浓度会升高，且贫血在犬CE中很常见。回顾了2012年至2016年患有CE且贫血的犬以及确诊为IDA的犬的病历，这些犬均有一份适合锰分析的样本保存在档案中。测量了以下犬的全血锰浓度：11只患有CE的贫血犬、6只IDA犬、9只非贫血患病对照犬和12只健康对照犬。进行了曼 - 惠特尼U检验和Kruskal - Wallis检验以及检验后邓恩多重比较检验，P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。犬CE中贫血的患病率为20.6%（33/160）。所有组之间的锰浓度有显著差异（=0.0001），非贫血犬的锰浓度高于贫血犬（=0.0078）。健康对照犬的锰浓度也高于患病对照犬（<0.0001）、患有CE的贫血犬（=0.0056）和IDA犬（=0.0001）。患有CE的贫血犬、IDA犬和患病对照犬之间未观察到差异。尽管在犬CE中经常观察到贫血，但贫血犬锰浓度会升高（可能导致嗜睡状态）这一假设未得到支持。有必要进行进一步研究以了解贫血对全血锰的影响。
