McTee Michael R, Lekberg Ylva, Mummey Dan, Rummel Alexii, Ramsey Philip W
MPG Ranch Florence MT USA.
College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana Missoula MT USA.
Ecol Evol. 2017 Nov 21;7(24):11227-11235. doi: 10.1002/ece3.3608. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Invasive plants are often associated with greater productivity and soil nutrient availabilities, but whether invasive plants with dissimilar traits change decomposer communities and decomposition rates in consistent ways is little known. We compared decomposition rates and the fungal and bacterial communities associated with the litter of three problematic invaders in intermountain grasslands; cheatgrass (), spotted knapweed () and leafy spurge (), as well as the native bluebunch wheatgrass (). Shoot and root litter from each plant was placed in cheatgrass, spotted knapweed, and leafy spurge invasions as well as remnant native communities in a fully reciprocal design for 6 months to see whether decomposer communities were species-specific, and whether litter decomposed fastest when placed in a community composed of its own species (referred to hereafter as home-field advantage-HFA). Overall, litter from the two invasive forbs, spotted knapweed and leafy spurge, decomposed faster than the native and invasive grasses, regardless of the plant community of incubation. Thus, we found no evidence of HFA. T-RFLP profiles indicated that both fungal and bacterial communities differed between roots and shoots and among plant species, and that fungal communities also differed among plant community types. . These results show that litter from three common invaders to intermountain grasslands decomposes at different rates and cultures microbial communities that are species-specific, widespread, and persistent through the dramatic shifts in plant communities associated with invasions.
入侵植物通常与更高的生产力和土壤养分有效性相关，但具有不同特征的入侵植物是否以一致的方式改变分解者群落和分解速率却鲜为人知。我们比较了山间草原三种有问题的入侵植物（芒麦草、斑点矢车菊和多叶大戟）以及本地蓝茎冰草的凋落物的分解速率以及与之相关的真菌和细菌群落。将每种植物的地上和地下凋落物以完全互作设计放置在芒麦草、斑点矢车菊和多叶大戟入侵地以及残余的本地群落中6个月，以观察分解者群落是否具有物种特异性，以及凋落物放置在由其自身物种组成的群落中时（以下简称主场优势-HFA）是否分解最快。总体而言，无论培养的植物群落如何，两种入侵性阔叶植物斑点矢车菊和多叶大戟的凋落物比本地和入侵性禾本科植物分解得更快。因此，我们没有发现主场优势的证据。末端限制性片段长度多态性（T-RFLP）分析表明，根和地上部分之间以及植物物种之间的真菌和细菌群落均存在差异, 并且真菌群落在不同植物群落类型之间也存在差异。这些结果表明，山间草原三种常见入侵植物的凋落物分解速率不同，并且培养出的微生物群落具有物种特异性、分布广泛，并且在与入侵相关的植物群落的剧烈变化中持续存在。
