Sghaier Soufien, Hammami Salah, Goffredo Maria, Hammami Mounira, Portanti Ottavio, Lorusso Alessio, Savini Giovanni, Delécolle Jean Claude
Université Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, 20 Rue Djebel Lakdhar, 1006 La Rabta, Tunis, Tunisia.
Vet Ital. 2017 Dec 29;53(4):357-366. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.986.5216.2.
Bluetongue virus (BTV) and Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are double-stranded RNA orbiviruses of the Reoviridae family. Bluetongue virus and EHDV infect domestic and wild ruminants and they are transmitted by biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Since 1999, BTV outbreaks have occurred in Tunisia and 4 serotypes, BTV2, BTV1, BTV4 and BTV3, were involved in 2000, 2006, 2009, and 2016, respectively. Epizootic haemorrhagic disease was detected for the rst time in Tunisia and in other Northern African countries in 2006. These incursions have caused considerable economic losses. Our study had the goal to describe diversity, distribution, and seasonal dynamics of Culicoides. Fourteen sampling sites were chosen throughout the country and 2-night trapping of midges was performed monthly from June 2006 to July 2008. A total of 11,582 Culicoides specimens were collected from 336 light traps, comprising 25 species, of which 7 were identi ed for the rst time in Tunisia, increasing to 35 the total number of Culicoides species now reported in this country. Twenty-three pools of parous females belonging to the Culicoides imicola and Culicoides kingi were tested for detection of BTV and EHDV by molecular assays. Both BTV1 and BTV4 were detected in C. imicola.
蓝舌病病毒（BTV）和流行性出血病病毒（EHDV）是呼肠孤病毒科的双链RNA环状病毒。蓝舌病病毒和流行性出血病病毒感染家养和野生反刍动物，通过库蠓属（双翅目：蠓科）的吸血蠓传播。自1999年以来，突尼斯发生了蓝舌病病毒疫情，2000年、2006年、2009年和2016年分别涉及4种血清型，即BTV2、BTV1、BTV4和BTV3。2006年，突尼斯和其他北非国家首次检测到流行性出血病。这些疫情造成了相当大的经济损失。我们的研究旨在描述库蠓的多样性、分布和季节动态。在全国范围内选择了14个采样点，从2006年6月至2008年7月每月进行2晚的蠓诱捕。共从336个诱虫灯中收集了11582个库蠓标本，包括25个物种，其中7个是在突尼斯首次鉴定出来的，使该国目前报告的库蠓物种总数增加到35种。对属于伊氏库蠓和金氏库蠓的23组已产卵雌蠓进行分子检测，以检测蓝舌病病毒和流行性出血病病毒。在伊氏库蠓中检测到了BTV1和BTV4。
