1School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences,National Centre for Sport & Exercise Medicine - East Midlands,Loughborough University,Loughborough LE11 3TU,UK.
2School of Public Health,Charles Perkins Centre,Prevention Research Collaboration,University of Sydney,Sydney,Australia.
Br J Nutr. 2018 Jan;119(2):222-227. doi: 10.1017/S000711451700352X. Epub 2018 Jan 8.
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to clarify the association between alcohol and obesity using data from 106 182 adults in England and Scotland (46·7 % male; mean 46·9 (sd 16·9) years). Trained interviewers asked participants about alcohol intake. Obesity was defined as BMI≥30 kg/m2. Potential confounders included age, sex, smoking, physical activity, longstanding illness, psychological distress and socioeconomic status. Compared with those who drank at least five times a week, obesity risk was 1·21 (95 % CI 1·15, 1·27) in those who drank one to four times a week, 1·53 (95 % CI 1·43, 1·62) in those who drank one to two times a month, 1·61 (95 % CI 1·52, 1·71) in those who drank less than once every couple of months, 1·34 (95 % CI 1·23, 1·47) in those who were former drinkers, and 1·03 (95 % CI 0·95, 1·11) in those who were never drinkers. Compared with those who drank a harmful volume, obesity risk was 0·78 (95 % CI 0·68, 0·90) in those who drank within guidelines, 0·69 (95 % CI 0·54, 0·88) in former drinkers and 0·50 (95 % CI 0·40, 0·63) in never drinkers; and, these associations were biased away from the null after adjustment for drinking volume. Abstinence was associated with increased risk of obesity in women. These data suggest that the association between drinking frequency and obesity is bell-shaped, with obesity risk not significantly different in those who drink most often and never drinkers. Drinking volume has a positive confounding effect on the association between drinking frequency and obesity, which may help explain the conflicting findings of other studies.
本横断面研究旨在利用来自英格兰和苏格兰的 106182 名成年人（46.7%为男性；平均年龄 46.9（标准差 16.9）岁）的数据阐明饮酒与肥胖之间的关联。经过培训的访谈员询问了参与者的饮酒情况。肥胖的定义为 BMI≥30kg/m2。潜在的混杂因素包括年龄、性别、吸烟、体力活动、长期疾病、心理困扰和社会经济地位。与每周至少饮酒 5 次的人相比，每周饮酒 1-4 次、每月饮酒 1-2 次、每几个月饮酒少于 1 次、曾经饮酒和从不饮酒的人的肥胖风险分别为 1.21（95%CI 1.15,1.27）、1.53（95%CI 1.43,1.62）、1.61（95%CI 1.52,1.71）、1.34（95%CI 1.23,1.47）和 1.03（95%CI 0.95,1.11）。与饮酒量有害的人相比，饮酒量处于指南范围内、曾经饮酒和从不饮酒的人的肥胖风险分别为 0.78（95%CI 0.68,0.90）、0.69（95%CI 0.54,0.88）和 0.50（95%CI 0.40,0.63）。这些关联在调整饮酒量后偏离了无效假设。在女性中，戒酒与肥胖风险增加有关。这些数据表明，饮酒频率与肥胖之间的关联呈钟形，最常饮酒和从不饮酒者的肥胖风险没有显著差异。饮酒量对饮酒频率与肥胖之间的关联具有正向混杂作用，这可能有助于解释其他研究的矛盾结果。
