Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
Nutrients. 2022 Jun 23;14(13):2607. doi: 10.3390/nu14132607.
Pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and postpartum are critical life stages associated with higher weight gain and obesity risk. Among these women, the sociodemographic groups at highest risk for suboptimal lifestyle behaviours and core lifestyle components associated with excess adiposity are unclear. This study sought to identify subgroups of women meeting diet/physical activity (PA) recommendations in relation to sociodemographics and assess diet/PA components associated with body mass index (BMI) across these life stages. Cross-sectional data (Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011-2012) were analysed for pre-pregnancy, pregnant and postpartum women. The majority (63-95%) of women did not meet dietary or PA recommendations at all life stages. Core and discretionary food intake differed by sociodemographic factors. In pre-pregnant women, BMI was inversely associated with higher whole grain intake (β = -1.58, 95% CI -2.96, -0.21; = 0.025) and energy from alcohol (β = -0.08, -0.14, -0.005; = 0.035). In postpartum women, BMI was inversely associated with increased fibre (β = -0.06, 95% CI -0.11, -0.004; = 0.034) and PA (β = -0.002, 95% CI -0.004, -0.001; = 0.013). This highlights the need for targeting whole grains, fibre and PA to prevent obesity across life stages, addressing those most socioeconomically disadvantaged.
孕前、孕期和产后是与体重增加和肥胖风险增加相关的关键生命阶段。在这些女性中，社会人口统计学群体中，生活方式行为和与超重相关的核心生活方式成分最不理想的风险最高，但尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定符合饮食/体力活动（PA）建议的女性亚组，以与社会人口统计学相关，并评估这些生命阶段中与体重指数（BMI）相关的饮食/PA 成分。对孕前、孕期和产后女性进行了横断面数据分析（澳大利亚国家营养和身体活动调查 2011-2012 年）。大多数（63-95%）女性在所有生命阶段都没有达到饮食或 PA 建议。核心和可自由支配的食物摄入量因社会人口统计学因素而异。在孕前女性中，BMI 与较高的全谷物摄入量呈负相关（β=-1.58，95%CI-2.96，-0.21； = 0.025）和来自酒精的能量呈负相关（β=-0.08，-0.14，-0.005； = 0.035）。在产后女性中，BMI 与增加的纤维呈负相关（β=-0.06，95%CI-0.11，-0.004； = 0.034）和 PA（β=-0.002，95%CI-0.004，-0.001； = 0.013）。这突出表明需要针对整个谷物、纤维和 PA 进行靶向治疗，以防止整个生命阶段的肥胖，解决那些社会经济最不利的人群。
