1Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences,Section of Animal Sciences,University of Firenze,via delle Cascine 5,50144 Firenze,Italy.
2Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production,University of Napoli Federico II,via F. Delpino 1,80137 Napoli,Italy.
Animal. 2018 Oct;12(10):2191-2197. doi: 10.1017/S1751731117003603. Epub 2018 Jan 8.
Soya bean is the main protein source in poultry feed but rising prices make an alternative protein source necessary. Insects, such as the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens), may be an attractive solution for hens, although little information is available on their effect on egg quality. The present study aims to fill this gap by testing the effect of 100% replacement of soya bean with H. illucens larva meal in the diet of Lohmann Brown Classic laying hens for 21 weeks. At the end of the trial, the eggs were characterized for parameters such as weight, colour, proximate composition of albumen and yolk, and content of carotenoids, tocopherols and cholesterol. The fatty acid profile of yolks was also determined. Hens fed the insect-based diet produced eggs (HIM group) with a higher proportion of yolk than the group fed the soya bean-based diet (SBM group). HIM was associated with redder yolks (red index 5.63 v. 1.36) than SBM. HIM yolks were richer in γ-tocopherol (4.0 against 2.4 mg/kg), lutein (8.6 against 4.9 mg/kg), β-carotene (0.33 against 0.19 mg/kg) and total carotenoids (15 against 10.5 mg/kg) than SBM yolks. The fatty acid composition of HIM yolks was almost identical to that of SBM yolks. Finally, HIM yolks contained 11% less cholesterol than SBM yolks. These results suggest that H. illucens larva meal is a suitable total substitute for soya bean meal in the diet of Lohmann Brown Classic laying hens. A sustainable alternative to the plant protein source therefore seems feasible.
大豆是家禽饲料中的主要蛋白质来源，但不断上涨的价格使得有必要寻找一种替代蛋白质来源。昆虫，如黑水虻（Hermetia illucens），可能是母鸡的一种有吸引力的解决方案，尽管关于它们对鸡蛋质量的影响的信息很少。本研究旨在通过在洛曼布朗经典蛋鸡的饮食中用黑水虻幼虫粉 100%替代大豆，为期 21 周，来填补这一空白。试验结束时，对鸡蛋的重量、颜色、蛋白和蛋黄的近似成分、类胡萝卜素、生育酚和胆固醇含量以及蛋黄的脂肪酸谱进行了特征分析。用基于昆虫的饮食喂养的母鸡生产的鸡蛋（HIM 组）比用基于大豆的饮食喂养的母鸡生产的鸡蛋（SBM 组）蛋黄比例更高。HIM 组的蛋黄颜色更红（红色指数 5.63 比 1.36），比 SBM 组更红。与 SBM 蛋黄相比，HIM 蛋黄富含γ-生育酚（4.0 对 2.4 毫克/公斤）、叶黄素（8.6 对 4.9 毫克/公斤）、β-胡萝卜素（0.33 对 0.19 毫克/公斤）和总类胡萝卜素（15 对 10.5 毫克/公斤）。HIM 蛋黄的脂肪酸组成几乎与 SBM 蛋黄相同。最后，HIM 蛋黄中的胆固醇含量比 SBM 蛋黄低 11%。这些结果表明，黑水虻幼虫粉是洛曼布朗经典蛋鸡饮食中大豆粉的合适全替代物。因此，植物蛋白来源的可持续替代品似乎是可行的。
