Zawisza Patrycja, Szymczyk Beata, Arczewska-Włosek Anna, Szczepanik Kinga
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Feb 2;13(3):527. doi: 10.3390/ani13030527.
This study was carried out on 96 caged Bovans Brown laying hens at an initial age of 25 weeks, which were randomly assigned to four experimental groups of 12 replicates (cages) of two hens per cage. The control group hens received a diet containing 20% soybean meal (SBM), without larvae meal (HIM) content. The hens in the experimental groups received a diet containing defatted HIM at levels of 5, 10, and 15% (HIM 5%, HIM 10%, and HIM 15%, respectively), at the expense of a proportionally decreasing content of SBM. During the 12-week experiment, the laying performance, biochemical and redox blood indices, and liver condition were examined. The cholesterol level, fatty acid profile, and malondialdehyde content in egg yolks were also evaluated to determine the dietary quality of the eggs. The inclusion of HIM at any level in the diet did not affect the laying performance parameters ( > 0.05). Increased serum Ca and uric acid contents were observed. There was no effect on the redox indices in plasma. The number of hepatocytes was decreased in the HIM-fed groups. The level of cholesterol in yolks was reduced, and the fatty acid profile showed significant changes. Despite the high lauric acid content in the meal, it was present in trace amounts in yolks. In the HIM-fed groups, the levels of saturated fatty acids increased significantly, whereas those of unsaturated fatty acids decreased in the yolks in the same groups.
本研究以96只25周龄的笼养博万斯褐蛋鸡为对象，将其随机分为四个实验组，每组12个重复（笼子），每个笼子养两只母鸡。对照组母鸡的日粮含有20%的豆粕（SBM），不含幼虫粉（HIM）。实验组母鸡的日粮分别含有5%、10%和15%的脱脂HIM（分别为HIM 5%组、HIM 10%组和HIM 15%组），相应减少SBM的含量。在为期12周的实验期间，对产蛋性能、生化和氧化还原血液指标以及肝脏状况进行了检测。还评估了蛋黄中的胆固醇水平、脂肪酸谱和丙二醛含量，以确定鸡蛋的日粮质量。日粮中添加任何水平的HIM均未影响产蛋性能参数（P>0.05）。观察到血清钙和尿酸含量增加。对血浆中的氧化还原指标没有影响。喂食HIM的组中肝细胞数量减少。蛋黄中的胆固醇水平降低，脂肪酸谱有显著变化。尽管HIM中月桂酸含量高，但在蛋黄中含量微量。在喂食HIM的组中，蛋黄中饱和脂肪酸水平显著增加，而不饱和脂肪酸水平降低。
