Division of Virology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms.
Enterovirus Unit, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.
J Infect Dis. 2018 Mar 28;217(8):1222-1230. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix667.
Environmental surveillance (ES) is a sensitive method for detecting human enterovirus (HEV) circulation, and it is used worldwide to support global polio eradication. We describe a novel ES approach using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify HEVs in sewage samples collected in London, United Kingdom, from June 2016 to May 2017.
Two different methods were used to process raw sewage specimens: a 2-phase aqueous separation system and size exclusion by filtration and centrifugation. HEVs were isolated using cell cultures and analyzed using NGS.
Type 1 and 3 vaccine-like poliovirus (PV) strains were detected in samples collected from September 2016 through January 2017. NGS analysis allowed us to rapidly obtain whole-genome sequences of PV and non-PV HEV strains. As many as 6 virus strains from different HEV serotypes were identified in a single cell culture flask. PV isolates contained only a small number of mutations from vaccine strains commonly seen in early isolates from vaccinees.
Our ES setup has high sensitivity for polio and non-PV HEV detection, generating nearly whole-genome sequence information. Such ES systems provide critical information to assist the polio eradication endgame and contribute to the improvement of our understanding of HEV circulation patterns in humans.
环境监测（ES）是一种检测人类肠道病毒（HEV）传播的敏感方法，它被广泛用于支持全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动。我们描述了一种使用下一代测序（NGS）在英国伦敦收集的污水样本中识别 HEV 的新型 ES 方法，采集时间为 2016 年 6 月至 2017 年 5 月。
使用两种不同的方法处理原始污水标本：两相水分离系统和过滤与离心的大小排除。使用细胞培养物分离 HEV 并进行 NGS 分析。
2016 年 9 月至 2017 年 1 月采集的样本中检测到 1 型和 3 型疫苗样脊髓灰质炎病毒（PV）株。NGS 分析使我们能够快速获得 PV 和非 PV HEV 株的全基因组序列。在单个细胞培养瓶中鉴定出多达 6 种不同 HEV 血清型的病毒株。PV 分离株仅包含少数常见于疫苗接种者早期分离株中的疫苗株突变。
我们的 ES 系统对脊髓灰质炎和非 PV HEV 的检测具有很高的灵敏度，可生成几乎完整的基因组序列信息。此类 ES 系统提供了关键信息，有助于脊髓灰质炎根除的终局，并有助于提高我们对人类 HEV 传播模式的理解。
