Mohamad Suriyati, Ismail Nur Najihah, Parumasivam Thaigarajan, Ibrahim Pazilah, Osman Hasnah, A Wahab Habibah
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018 Jan 8;18(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-2077-5.
Costus speciosus, Cymbopogon citratus, and Tabernaemontana coronaria are herbal plants traditionally used as remedies for symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) including cough. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the in vitro anti-TB activity of different solvent partitions of these plants, to identify the phytochemical compounds, and to assess the effects of the most active partitions on the growth kinetics and cellular integrity of the tubercle organism.
The in vitro anti-TB activity of different solvent partitions of the plant materials was determined against M. tuberculosis H37Rv using a tetrazolium colorimetric microdilution assay. The phytochemical compounds in the most active partition of each plant were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The effects of these partitions on the growth kinetics of the mycobacteria were evaluated over 7-day treatment period in a batch culture system. Their effects on the mycobacterial cellular integrity were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
The respective n-hexane partition of C. speciosus, C. citratus, and T. coronaria exhibited the highest anti-TB activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 100-200 μg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 200 μg/mL. GC-MS phytochemical analysis of these active partitions revealed that majority of the identified compounds belonged to lipophilic fatty acid groups. The active partitions of C. speciosus and T. coronaria exhibited high cidal activity in relation to time, killing more than 99% of the cell population. SEM observations showed that these active plant partitions caused multiple structural changes indicating massive cellular damages.
The n-hexane partition of the plant materials exhibited promising in vitro anti-TB activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Their anti-TB activity was supported by their destructive effects on the integrity of the mycobacterial cellular structure.
闭鞘姜、柠檬香茅和黄花夹竹桃是传统上用于治疗包括咳嗽在内的结核病症状的草药。本研究的目的是评估这些植物不同溶剂提取物的体外抗结核活性，鉴定植物化学成分，并评估最具活性的提取物对结核杆菌生长动力学和细胞完整性的影响。
采用四氮唑比色微量稀释法测定植物材料不同溶剂提取物对结核分枝杆菌H37Rv的体外抗结核活性。使用气相色谱 - 质谱（GC-MS）分析鉴定每种植物最具活性提取物中的植物化学成分。在分批培养系统中，在7天的处理期内评估这些提取物对分枝杆菌生长动力学的影响。在扫描电子显微镜（SEM）下观察它们对分枝杆菌细胞完整性的影响。
闭鞘姜、柠檬香茅和黄花夹竹桃各自的正己烷提取物表现出最高的抗结核活性，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为100 - 200μg/mL，最低杀菌浓度（MBC）为200μg/mL。对这些活性提取物的GC-MS植物化学分析表明，鉴定出的大多数化合物属于亲脂性脂肪酸基团。闭鞘姜和黄花夹竹桃的活性提取物随时间表现出高杀菌活性，杀死超过99%的细胞群体。SEM观察表明，这些活性植物提取物引起多种结构变化，表明大量细胞损伤。
植物材料的正己烷提取物对结核分枝杆菌H37Rv表现出有前景的体外抗结核活性。它们的抗结核活性得到了对分枝杆菌细胞结构完整性的破坏作用的支持。
