Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 8;8(1):20. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18435-2.
Human activities can cause habitat degradation that may alter the types and quality of available food resources and thus influence the microbiomes of wild animal populations. Furthermore, seasonal shifts in food availability may cause adaptive responses in the gut microbiome to meet the need for different metabolic capabilities. Here, we demonstrate local-scale population structure in the gastrointestinal microbiotas of Chlorocebus monkeys, in southern Ethiopia, in response to varying degrees of human encroachment. We further provide evidence of adaptation to ecological conditions associated with the dry and wet seasons, and show seasonal effects to be more pronounced in areas with limited human activity. Finally, we report species-level microbiota differences between the endemic Ethiopian Bale monkey, an ecological specialist, and generalist Chlorocebus species from the same geographical region.
人类活动可能导致栖息地退化，从而改变可用食物资源的种类和质量，进而影响野生动物种群的微生物组。此外，食物可获得性的季节性变化可能导致肠道微生物组产生适应性反应，以满足不同代谢能力的需求。在这里，我们展示了在埃塞俄比亚南部，食蟹猴的胃肠道微生物组在受到不同程度的人类侵占时，会产生局部规模的种群结构变化。我们进一步提供了证据，证明了它们对与旱季和雨季相关的生态条件的适应，并且表明在人类活动有限的地区，季节性影响更为明显。最后，我们报告了在同地区的特有埃塞俄比亚贝氏长尾猴（一种生态特化种）和普通食蟹猴（一种广生态种）之间存在物种水平的微生物组差异。
