a Department of Pediatrics , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , USA.
b Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2018 Mar-Apr;37(3):201-208. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2017.1376297. Epub 2018 Jan 9.
Overall diet patterns may be a better predictor of disease risk than specific nutrients or individual foods. The purpose of this study is to examine how overall diet patterns relate to nutritional intake, body composition, and physiological measures of chronic disease risk among low-income, urban African American adolescents.
Cross-sectional data were collected from two samples of African American adolescents (n = 317) from a low-income urban community, including dietary intake using the food frequency Youth/Adolescent Questionnaire and anthropometric measures. Serum cholesterol, serum lipoproteins, and glucose tolerance were measured in a subsample. Means testing compared differences in Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) component and total scores. Pearson correlations examined how HEI and HEI-2010 scores related to nutrient, food intakes, and markers of disease risk, including body mass index, percent body fat, abdominal fat, serum cholesterol, serum lipoproteins, and impaired glucose tolerance. Fisher R-Z transformations compared magnitude differences between HEI and HEI-2010 correlations to nutritional intake and chronic disease risk.
Both HEI and HEI-2010 scores were positively associated with micronutrient intakes. Higher HEI scores were inversely related to serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, impaired glucose tolerance, percent body fat, and percent abdominal fat. HEI-2010 scores were not related to biomarkers of chronic disease risk.
Compared to the HEI-2010, the HEI is a better indicator of chronic disease risk among low-income, urban African American adolescents.
整体饮食模式可能比特定营养素或个别食物更能预测疾病风险。本研究旨在探讨整体饮食模式与营养摄入、身体成分和慢性疾病风险的生理指标在低收入城市非洲裔美国青少年中的关系。
从一个低收入城市社区的两个非裔美国青少年样本（n=317）中收集横断面数据，包括使用食物频率青少年/青少年问卷进行的饮食摄入和人体测量学测量。在亚样本中测量血清胆固醇、血清脂蛋白和葡萄糖耐量。均值检验比较了健康饮食指数（HEI）和健康饮食指数-2010（HEI-2010）成分和总分的差异。Pearson 相关分析考察了 HEI 和 HEI-2010 评分与营养素、食物摄入量和疾病风险标志物（包括体重指数、体脂肪百分比、腹部脂肪、血清胆固醇、血清脂蛋白和糖耐量受损）之间的关系。Fisher R-Z 变换比较了 HEI 和 HEI-2010 相关性与营养摄入和慢性疾病风险之间的差异程度。
HEI 和 HEI-2010 评分均与微量营养素摄入呈正相关。较高的 HEI 评分与血清胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、糖耐量受损、体脂肪百分比和腹部脂肪百分比呈负相关。HEI-2010 评分与慢性疾病风险的生物标志物无关。
与 HEI-2010 相比，HEI 是评估低收入城市非洲裔美国青少年慢性疾病风险的更好指标。
