非裔美国青少年较高的饮食质量与较低的代谢综合征几率相关：来自美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的证据。
Higher Diet Quality in African-American Adolescents Is Associated with Lower Odds of Metabolic Syndrome: Evidence from the NHANES.
作者信息
Ducharme-Smith Kirstie, Caulfield Laura E, Brady Tammy M, Rosenstock Summer, Mueller Noel T, Garcia-Larsen Vanessa
机构信息
Program in Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Pediatric Hypertension Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
出版信息
J Nutr. 2021 Jun 1;151(6):1609-1617. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab027.
BACKGROUND
Development of clinical risk factors linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescence is associated with higher incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in adulthood. Given the increasing burden of obesity and MetS in African-American (AA) youth, there is a need to establish the relation of MetS with modifiable risk factors such as diet quality, because these data may enhance preventative and treatment approaches.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to assess diet quality, measured by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) pattern score, in AA adolescents and youth (aged 12-21 y) from the NHANES, and to investigate the association of diet quality with MetS and its components.
METHODS
This study is a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data from the 2005-2016 cycles (n = 2459). Survey-weighted logistic regression models were used to assess the association of diet quality with the prevalence of MetS and individual cardiometabolic components [overweight/obesity, hypertensive blood pressure (BP), impaired fasting glucose, low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia].
RESULTS
The mean ± SD AHEI-2010 score was 38.9 ± 9.7 and DASH pattern score was 21.8 ± 4.4, which is equivalent to 35% adherence to recommendations to achieve an optimal diet quality and 45% adherence to the DASH-style dietary pattern, respectively. Compared with those within the lowest quartile of DASH pattern score, individuals in the fourth quartile group had 0.63 (95% CI: 0.41, 0.97) times the odds of having hypertensive BP. Among individuals with complete clinical measures (n = 1007), individuals within the highest-quartile AHEI-2010 group had 0.25 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.99) times the odds of having MetS compared with those within the lowest quartile.
CONCLUSIONS
Diet quality in US AA youth is low. Higher DASH pattern scores were associated with lower odds of hypertensive BP and higher AHEI-2010 scores were associated with lower odds of MetS.
背景
与青少年代谢综合征（MetS）相关的临床风险因素的发展与成年期动脉粥样硬化性心血管事件的较高发生率相关。鉴于非裔美国（AA）青年中肥胖和MetS的负担日益加重，有必要确定MetS与可改变的风险因素（如饮食质量）之间的关系，因为这些数据可能会改进预防和治疗方法。
目的
本研究的目的是评估美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中12至21岁的AA青少年和青年的饮食质量，通过2010年替代健康饮食指数（AHEI - 2010）和终止高血压膳食方法（DASH）模式得分来衡量，并研究饮食质量与MetS及其组成部分之间的关联。
方法
本研究是对2005 - 2016年周期的NHANES数据进行的横断面分析（n = 2459）。使用调查加权逻辑回归模型来评估饮食质量与MetS患病率以及个体心血管代谢成分[超重/肥胖、高血压血压（BP）、空腹血糖受损、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高甘油三酯血症]之间的关联。
结果
AHEI - 2010得分的平均值±标准差为38.9±9.7，DASH模式得分为21.8±4.4，分别相当于达到最佳饮食质量建议的35%和遵循DASH式饮食模式的45%。与DASH模式得分最低四分位数组的个体相比，第四四分位数组的个体患高血压BP的几率为其0.63倍（95% CI：0.41，0.97）。在有完整临床测量数据的个体（n = 1007）中，AHEI - 2010得分最高四分位数组的个体患MetS的几率是最低四分位数组个体的0.25倍（95% CI：0.06，0.99）。
结论
美国AA青年的饮食质量较低。较高的DASH模式得分与较低的高血压BP几率相关，较高的AHEI - 2010得分与较低的MetS几率相关。
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