College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China.
Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA.
Adv Mater. 2018 Feb;30(6). doi: 10.1002/adma.201704337. Epub 2018 Jan 3.
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) offer a promise of a scalable, low-cost, and environmentally benign means of renewable energy storage. However, the low capacity and poor rate capability of anode materials present an unavoidable challenge. In this work, it is demonstrated that surface phosphorylated TiO nanotube arrays grown on Ti substrate can be efficient anode materials for SIBs. Fabrication of the phosphorylated nanoarray film is based on the electrochemical anodization of Ti metal in NH F solution and subsequent phosphorylation using sodium hypophosphite. The phosphorylated TiO nanotube arrays afford a reversible capacity of 334 mA h g at 67 mA g , a superior rate capability of 147 mA h g at 3350 mA g , and a stable cycle performance up to 1000 cycles. In situ X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy reveal the near-zero strain response and robust mechanical behavior of the TiO host upon (de)sodiation, suggesting its excellent structural stability in the Na storage application.
钠离子电池 (SIBs) 提供了一种具有可扩展性、低成本和环境友好性的可再生能源存储方式。然而，阳极材料的低容量和差的倍率性能是一个不可避免的挑战。在这项工作中，证明了在 Ti 基底上生长的表面磷化 TiO 纳米管阵列可以作为 SIBs 的高效阳极材料。磷酰化纳米阵列膜的制备基于 Ti 金属在 NH F 溶液中的电化学阳极氧化，然后使用次亚磷酸钠进行磷化。磷化 TiO 纳米管阵列在 67 mA g 时提供了 334 mA h g 的可逆容量，在 3350 mA g 时具有优异的倍率性能，可达 147 mA h g，在 1000 次循环后仍保持稳定的循环性能。原位 X 射线衍射和透射电子显微镜揭示了 TiO 主体在 (脱)钠化过程中的近零应变响应和稳健的机械行为，表明其在 Na 存储应用中具有优异的结构稳定性。
