Breitbart H, Rubinstein S, Nass-Arden L
J Biol Chem. 1985 Sep 25;260(21):11548-53.
Extracellular calcium at millimolar concentrations inhibits collective motility of ejaculated ram spermatozoa. In untreated cells, or when motility was made dependent upon glycolytic activity, there is very small inhibition, but when motility was made dependent upon mitochondrial respiration there is very high inhibition in motility by increasing extracellular Ca2+ concentration. Quercetin, which inhibits (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase activity in isolated plasma membranes, also inhibits motility mainly in cells that have been made dependent upon glycolytic activity, but there is also inhibition in untreated cells. When motility was made dependent upon mitochondrial activity, there is no inhibition but rather some stimulation in motility by quercetin. The inhibitory effect of quercetin is enhanced by increasing Ca2+ concentration in the medium. Quercetin also inhibits uptake of calcium into the cells, in a mechanism by which a calcium channel is involved. This inhibition is high only when the glycolysis is inhibited in the cells. The rate of glycolysis is decreased by quercetin or ouabain, but their effects on motility are quite different. Based on these data, it appears that the plasma membrane (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase or the Ca2+ pump have a functional role in the regulation of spermatozoa motility. This motility regulation is functioning through mechanisms which include glycolytic activity and maintenance of intracellular calcium concentrations.
毫摩尔浓度的细胞外钙会抑制射出的公羊精子的集体运动。在未处理的细胞中，或者当运动依赖于糖酵解活性时，抑制作用非常小，但当运动依赖于线粒体呼吸时，增加细胞外钙离子浓度会对运动产生非常高的抑制作用。槲皮素可抑制分离的质膜中的（钙离子 + 镁离子）-ATP酶活性，它也主要在依赖糖酵解活性的细胞中抑制运动，但在未处理的细胞中也有抑制作用。当运动依赖于线粒体活性时，槲皮素对运动没有抑制作用，反而有一定的刺激作用。增加培养基中的钙离子浓度会增强槲皮素的抑制作用。槲皮素还通过涉及钙通道的机制抑制细胞对钙的摄取。只有当细胞中的糖酵解受到抑制时，这种抑制作用才会很强。槲皮素或哇巴因会降低糖酵解速率，但它们对运动的影响却大不相同。基于这些数据，质膜（钙离子 + 镁离子）-ATP酶或钙泵似乎在精子运动的调节中具有功能性作用。这种运动调节是通过包括糖酵解活性和维持细胞内钙浓度在内的机制发挥作用的。
