Sandulovici Roxana, Mircioiu Constantin, Rais Cristina, Atkinson Jeffrey
Faculty of Pharmacy, Titu Maiorescu University, 22, Dâmbovnicului, Sector 4, 040441 Bucharest, Romania.
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 6th Traian Vuia, Sector 2, 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2018 Jan 8;6(1):5. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy6010005.
The PHARMINE ("") project examined the organisation of pharmacy practice and education in the European Union (EU). An electronic survey was sent out to representatives of different sectors (community, hospital, industrial pharmacists, university staff, and students) in each individual EU member state. This paper presents the results of the PHARMINE survey on pharmacy practice and education in Romania. In the light of this data we examine to what extent harmonisation of practice and education with EU norms has occurred, whether this has promoted mobility of pharmacy professionals, academics and students, and what impact it has had on healthcare in Romania. The survey reveals the substantial changes in Romanian pharmacy practice and education since the 1989 change in government and Romania joining the EU in 2007. Romania remains, however, a poor country with expenditure on healthcare less than one-third of the EU average. This factor also impacts pharmacy practice. Although practice seems aligned with EU norms, this masks the substantial imbalance between the situation in the richer capital, Bucharest, and that of the poorer countryside. Harmonisation to EU norms in pharmacy education has not promoted student exchange and mobility but, rather, a brain drain in pharmaceutical graduates to other EU countries. Specialisation in industrial practice has been lost since 1989 with pharmacists being replaced by chemists. In hospitals the hospital pharmacist is being replaced by the clinical pharmacist.
“PHARMINE（”“）项目研究了欧盟（EU）药学实践与教育的组织情况。向每个欧盟成员国不同部门（社区、医院、工业药剂师、大学教职员工和学生）的代表发送了电子调查问卷。本文介绍了PHARMINE关于罗马尼亚药学实践与教育调查的结果。根据这些数据，我们研究了实践与教育在多大程度上与欧盟规范实现了协调统一，这是否促进了药学专业人员、学者和学生的流动，以及它对罗马尼亚医疗保健产生了什么影响。调查揭示了自1989年政府更迭以及罗马尼亚于2007年加入欧盟以来，罗马尼亚药学实践与教育发生的重大变化。然而，罗马尼亚仍是一个贫穷国家，医疗保健支出不到欧盟平均水平的三分之一。这一因素也影响着药学实践。尽管实践似乎与欧盟规范保持一致，但这掩盖了较富裕的首都布加勒斯特与较贫穷农村地区情况之间的巨大不平衡。药学教育与欧盟规范的协调统一并未促进学生交流和流动，反而导致药学专业毕业生流向其他欧盟国家，出现了人才外流的情况。自1989年以来，工业实践中的专业化已经丧失，药剂师被化学家取代。在医院里，医院药剂师正被临床药剂师取代。
