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乳腺癌筛查“游乐场”以及为减少筛查机会而进行的“打地鼠”式努力。

The Breast Cancer Screening "Arcade" and the "Whack-A-Mole" Efforts to Reduce Access to Screening.

作者信息

Kopans Daniel B

机构信息

Emeritus at the Harvard Medical School, 20 Manitoba Road, Waban, Massachusetts 02468, MA.

出版信息

Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2018 Feb;39(1):2-15. doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2017.06.002. Epub 2017 Jun 28.

Abstract

The effort to reduce access to breast cancer screening has been going on for decades. As each piece of misinformation has been published, scientific responses have exposed the fallacies, but then new "alternative facts" are generated. The effort has been compared to the arcade game "Whack-a-Mole" in which one false argument is addressed only to have a new one "pop up" to replace it. This has ranged from the false claim that early detection would have no effect on breast cancer, to the fallacious idea that early detection was leading to early deaths among young women, to the more recent false suggestion that tens of thousands of breast cancers found by mammography would disappear if left undetected. The following is a short review of a number of nonscientifically derived "Moles" that have been "Whacked" by science.

摘要

减少乳腺癌筛查可及性的努力已经持续了数十年。每一条错误信息发布后,科学回应都会揭露其中的谬误,但随后又会产生新的“另类事实”。这种努力被比作街机游戏“打地鼠”,一个错误论点刚被解决,另一个新的错误论点就“冒出来”取而代之。这其中包括早期检测对乳腺癌毫无作用的虚假说法,早期检测导致年轻女性过早死亡的错误观念,以及最近的错误观点,即如果不进行乳房X光检查,数万例通过该检查发现的乳腺癌将会自行消失。以下是对一些非科学得出的“地鼠”的简要回顾,这些“地鼠”已被科学“击打”。

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