Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Norway; Medical Management Centre, LIME, Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2018 Dec;14(12):1157-1162. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.01.003. Epub 2018 Jan 4.
Given time pressures on primary care physicians, utilising pharmacists for chronic disease management is of great interest. However, limited data are available on the current workflow in community pharmacies to guide these discussions.
This study aimed to test the feasibility of collecting workflow data from Australian community pharmacies using the Work Observation Method By Activity Timing (WOMBAT) software and provide preliminary data on Australian pharmacy workflow.
Data were collected from three pharmacies and four variables were recorded: what the pharmacist did, with whom, where and how. All tasks were timed and data were analysed to identify total number of tasks, median time per task, proportion of time per task, and common task combinations.
Pharmacists' main tasks consisted of counselling, dispensing and management activities (27%, 21% and 17% respectively of the overall number of tasks) and these tasks also took the majority of their time. Tasks were frequent but short, with the average time per task ranging from 0.55 to 8.46 min and most time was spent in areas without the capacity for patient interaction (51% in the dispensing/compounding area and 6% in the back office).
Pharmacies are dynamic environments with the average task taking 1-2 min. Longer interventions may not be easily integrated into current pharmacy workflow.
鉴于初级保健医生的时间压力，利用药剂师进行慢性病管理具有重要意义。然而，目前关于社区药店当前工作流程的可用数据有限，无法为这些讨论提供指导。
本研究旨在测试使用活动时间观察法（WOMBAT）软件从澳大利亚社区药店收集工作流程数据的可行性，并提供有关澳大利亚药店工作流程的初步数据。
从三家药店收集数据，记录了四个变量：药剂师做了什么、与谁一起做、在哪里做以及怎么做。所有任务都进行了计时，数据分析用于确定任务总数、每项任务的中位数时间、每项任务的时间比例以及常见任务组合。
药剂师的主要任务包括咨询、配药和管理活动（分别占总任务数的 27%、21%和 17%），这些任务也占据了他们大部分时间。任务频繁但时间短，每项任务的平均时间范围为 0.55 至 8.46 分钟，大部分时间都花在没有患者互动能力的区域（配药/配药区占 51%，后台办公室占 6%）。
药店是动态环境，平均任务时间为 1-2 分钟。更长的干预措施可能不容易融入当前的药店工作流程。
