Su Gang-Qiang, Li Hai-Tao, Sun Hui, Zhang Xiao-Bo, Zhang Li-Xia, Li Ya-Jing, Huang Lu-Qi, Ma Xiao-Jun
Planning and Finance Division, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100026, China.
Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong 666100, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2017 Nov;42(22):4329-4335. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.2017.0179.
Based on plant species databases, species lists and literature records, general situation of the Chinese medicinal endemic plant (vascular plant) has been systematically summarized, and its quantity and distribution characteristics of Chinese medicinal endemic plants are presented in this paper. The results showed that 3 150 endemic species are Chinese medicinal plants belonging to 785 genera in 153 families, which includes 38 species of 22 genera in 12 families of pteridophyta, 42 species of 14 genera in7 families of gymnosperms, and 3 070 species of 749 genara in 134 families of angiosperms. The top four families involving medicinal endemic species are Asteraceae (218 species), Ranunculaceae (182 species), Labiatae (151 species), and Liliaceae (133 species). The top four provincial administration distributed medicinal endemic species are Sichuan (1 568 species), Yunnan (1 533 species), Guizhou (955 species) and Hubei (930 species).On the regional scale, the most abundant one is the southwest region (2 465 species), followed by the central region (1 226 species) and the northwest region (949 species). Localization characteristics for domestication and artificial cultivation of medicinal endemic species are more prominent due to their narrower and limited distribution areas, indicating it is possible for these species acting as local potential resource for reasonable economic development.
基于植物物种数据库、物种名录和文献记录，系统总结了中国药用维管束特有植物的概况，并给出了其数量和分布特征。结果表明，中国有3150种特有药用植物，隶属于153科785属，其中蕨类植物12科22属38种，裸子植物7科14属42种，被子植物134科749属3070种。涉及药用特有物种的前四个科为菊科（218种）、毛茛科（182种）、唇形科（151种）和百合科（133种）。分布有药用特有物种的前四个省级行政区为四川（1568种）、云南（1533种）、贵州（955种）和湖北（930种）。在区域尺度上，西南地区最为丰富（2465种），其次是中部地区（1226种）和西北地区（949种）。药用特有物种驯化和人工栽培的本土化特征更为突出，因为它们的分布区域狭窄且有限，这表明这些物种有可能成为当地合理经济发展的潜在资源。
