Liu Ke-Chen, Zhang Shu-Jian
The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2017 Dec 25;42(6):542-6. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.2017.06.015.
The literature of Japanese medical acupuncture introduced before 1949 has a definite impact on Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion in the period of Republic of China and the early period of the establishment of the People's Republic of China. In the present paper, the authors introduce its impact from: 1) Chinese medical works on acupuncture and moxibustion absorbed a lot of western medicine knowledge, and interpreted some underlying mechanisms chiefly according to the theory of nerve, blood and endocrine, including the meridian-collateral theory based on the structures of blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, etc.; 2) In some Chinese clinical books, some Japanese new techniques as "tube-needling" (sparrow-pecking needling, etc.) were introduced, the acupuncture treatment of disorders was discussed from the nomenclature of western medicine and some operative standards (dissection of acupuncture needles, etc.) in clinical practice were accepted; 3) Some western medicine courses, and subject settings were introduced in Chinese acupuncture education. In general, Japanese acupuncture literature introduced before 1949 promotes integration of traditional acupuncture theory and western medicine in the early period of new China, enriches practical techniques in clinical practice and accelerates the development of acupuncture education in some way.
1949年以前传入的日本医学针灸文献，对民国时期及新中国成立初期的中国针灸产生了一定影响。本文作者从以下方面介绍其影响：1）中国针灸医学著作吸收了大量西医知识，主要依据神经、血液及内分泌理论阐释一些内在机制，包括基于血管、淋巴管、神经等结构的经络理论；2）一些中国临床书籍中引入了如“管针”（雀啄灸等）等日本新技术，从西医病名角度探讨针灸治疗病症，并在临床实践中接受了一些操作规范（如针灸针解剖等）；3）中国针灸教育中引入了一些西医课程及学科设置。总体而言，1949年以前传入的日本针灸文献在新中国初期推动了传统针灸理论与西医的融合，丰富了临床实践技术，并在一定程度上加速了针灸教育的发展。
