Pathak Kamla, Vaidya Ankur, Sharma Vijay
Department of Pharmaceutics, Pharmacy College Saifai, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah -206130, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Sai College of Pharmacy, Dalhousie Road, V.P.O. Badhani, Pathankot -145001, Punjab, India.
Curr Drug Deliv. 2018;15(6):765-776. doi: 10.2174/1567201815666180108162110.
Improvisation of the nanosized vesicular systems has led to a series of useful developments including the deformable vesicles namely transfersomes, ethosomes and invasomes. The former two have been explored extensively, however, literature on invasomes is relatively scanty.
Invasomal formulations researched for various applications have been reviewed using search engine "Scopus". The present review focuses on the update of the research activity on effectiveness and permeation enhancing effects of invasomes for dermal and topical delivery.
Many research reports could be found on invasomes in the literature but scarce patent citations were found. The present write up elaborates the mechanism of penetration, and compiles literature dental applications of the invasomes, the detection ability, use in photodynamic therapy, pilosebaceous targeting, and for delivery of macromolecules. The use of massage and microneedles for penetration enhancement is the newer element in this area. Interestingly, the majority of research has been reported on temoporfin molecule but scarce literature is available for other molecules, so the area provides ample research opportunities. The review also highlights toxicity fact sheet of commonly used terpenes for invasome formulation.
Though invasomes present an advantageous system for enhanced topical delivery but it needs to be assessed for dermatopharmacokinetics; safety and toxicity issues on long term usage.
纳米级囊泡系统的改进带来了一系列有益的发展，包括可变形囊泡，即传递体、醇质体和侵入体。前两者已得到广泛研究，然而，关于侵入体的文献相对较少。
使用搜索引擎“Scopus”对针对各种应用研究的侵入体制剂进行了综述。本综述重点关注侵入体在皮肤和局部给药方面有效性和渗透增强作用的研究活动更新。
文献中可找到许多关于侵入体的研究报告，但专利引用较少。本文章阐述了渗透机制，并汇编了侵入体在牙科应用、检测能力、光动力疗法中的应用、毛囊皮脂腺靶向以及大分子递送方面的文献。使用按摩和微针增强渗透是该领域的新元素。有趣的是，大多数研究报告是关于替莫泊芬分子的，但关于其他分子的文献较少，因此该领域提供了充足的研究机会。该综述还强调了侵入体制剂常用萜类的毒性情况说明书。
尽管侵入体为增强局部给药提供了一个有利的系统，但需要对其进行皮肤药代动力学评估；长期使用的安全性和毒性问题。
