Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Dermatology. 2017;233(5):344-357. doi: 10.1159/000484406. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) is multifactorial and intricate, and the clinical presentation of the condition varies greatly. Symptoms and severity depend on individual trigger factors and stage of the disease. The majority of AD patients are sufficiently treated with emollients in combination with existing topical or systemic therapies. Yet treatment failure with existing drugs and treatment options can be a significant clinical problem. New treatments are under development, and the majority of these new drugs focus on targeting a skewed immune response in AD. Novel therapeutic approaches, which target the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of AD, may provide a potentially more effective and less harmful approach to systemic therapy. These pharmaceutical agents are designed to narrowly modify or directly block a specific cellular signal or pro-inflammatory pathway. We review systemic drugs in the pipeline for AD. To make the review as current and pertinent as possible, we selected to focus on AD-related therapies available in the clinicaltrials.gov database with a first received date after January 1, 2014, up until May 31, 2017. We excluded therapies that could be categorized as either traditional Chinese medicine, herbal medicine, probiotics, histamine/leukotriene blockers, immuno-adsorption, or immunostimulants.
特应性皮炎（AD）的发病机制是多因素和复杂的，其临床表现差异很大。症状和严重程度取决于个体的触发因素和疾病阶段。大多数 AD 患者通过保湿剂与现有局部或全身治疗相结合得到充分治疗。然而，现有药物和治疗方案的治疗失败可能是一个严重的临床问题。新的治疗方法正在开发中，大多数这些新药都专注于针对 AD 中免疫反应的倾斜。针对 AD 发病机制中涉及的途径的新型治疗方法可能为全身性治疗提供一种更有效和更少有害的方法。这些药物旨在精细地修饰或直接阻断特定的细胞信号或促炎途径。我们审查了 AD 治疗药物的研发情况。为了使审查尽可能具有时效性和相关性，我们选择重点关注 2014 年 1 月 1 日之后，至 2017 年 5 月 31 日在 clinicaltrials.gov 数据库中具有首次接收日期的 AD 相关疗法。我们排除了可归类为传统中药、草药、益生菌、组胺/白三烯阻滞剂、免疫吸附或免疫刺激剂的疗法。
