Gaetke-Udager Kara, Yablon Corrie M
Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
J Knee Surg. 2018 Feb;31(2):130-140. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1620259. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
Ligamentous structures of the knee are numerous and complex, including the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, medial and lateral collateral ligaments, ligaments of the posteromedial and posterolateral corners, and the anterolateral ligament. Clinical assessment after a knee injury is paramount and can direct both the clinician's choice of imaging study and the radiologist's interpretation. Imaging is crucial in that it provides additional information for diagnosis, management, and surgical planning. Multiple imaging modalities can be used in the evaluation of the knee injuries, with radiographs an important baseline study, magnetic resonance imaging as the best tool for a comprehensive assessment including cruciate ligament evaluation, and ultrasound useful in evaluating superficial structures. Knowledge of both normal and pathological appearances of ligamentous structures, as well as typical injury patterns, is useful not only for radiologists but also for clinicians who manage patients with knee pain.
膝关节的韧带结构众多且复杂，包括前交叉韧带和后交叉韧带、内侧副韧带和外侧副韧带、后内侧角和后外侧角的韧带以及前外侧韧带。膝关节损伤后的临床评估至关重要，它可以指导临床医生选择影像学检查以及放射科医生的解读。影像学检查至关重要，因为它能为诊断、治疗和手术规划提供额外信息。多种影像学检查方法可用于评估膝关节损伤，X线片是重要的基线检查，磁共振成像作为全面评估（包括交叉韧带评估）的最佳工具，而超声则有助于评估浅表结构。了解韧带结构的正常和病理表现以及典型损伤模式，不仅对放射科医生有用，对治疗膝关节疼痛患者的临床医生也很有用。
