Zhao Jiaojiao, Huang Li, Ren Xiaoping, Pandey Manish K, Wu Bei, Chen Yuning, Zhou Xiaojing, Chen Weigang, Xia Youlin, Li Zeqing, Luo Huaiyong, Lei Yong, Varshney Rajeev K, Liao Boshou, Jiang Huifang
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Dec 11;8:2105. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02105. eCollection 2017.
Cultivated peanut ( L.) is an allotetraploid (AABB, 2 = 4 = 40), valued for its edible oil and digestible protein. Seed size and weight are important agronomical traits significantly influence the yield and nutritional composition of peanut. However, the genetic basis of seed-related traits remains ambiguous. Association mapping is a powerful approach for quickly and efficiently exploring the genetic basis of important traits in plants. In this study, a total of 104 peanut accessions were used to identify molecular markers associated with seed-related traits using 554 single-locus simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Most of the accessions had no or weak relationship in the peanut panel. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) decayed with the genetic distance of 1cM at the genome level and the LD of B subgenome decayed faster than that of the A subgenome. Large phenotypic variation was observed for four seed-related traits in the association panel. Using mixed linear model with population structure and kinship, a total of 30 significant SSR markers were detected to be associated with four seed-related traits ( < 1.81 × 10) in different environments, which explained 11.22-32.30% of the phenotypic variation for each trait. The marker AHGA44686 was simultaneously and repeatedly associated with seed length and hundred-seed weight in multiple environments with large phenotypic variance (26.23 ∼ 32.30%). The favorable alleles of associated markers for each seed-related trait and the optimal combination of favorable alleles of associated markers were identified to significantly enhance trait performance, revealing a potential of utilization of these associated markers in peanut breeding program.
栽培花生（.）是一种异源四倍体（AABB，2n = 4x = 40），因其食用油和易消化蛋白质而备受重视。种子大小和重量是重要的农艺性状，对花生的产量和营养成分有显著影响。然而，与种子相关性状的遗传基础仍不明确。关联作图是快速有效地探索植物重要性状遗传基础的有力方法。在本研究中，共使用104份花生种质，利用554个单基因座简单序列重复（SSR）标记鉴定与种子相关性状的分子标记。大多数种质在花生群体中没有或关系较弱。在基因组水平上，连锁不平衡（LD）随着1cM的遗传距离而衰减，B亚基因组的LD衰减速度比A亚基因组快。在关联群体中，观察到四个与种子相关性状的大表型变异。使用包含群体结构和亲缘关系的混合线性模型，在不同环境中总共检测到30个显著的SSR标记与四个种子相关性状（P < 1.81 × 10⁻⁵）相关，这些标记解释了每个性状11.22 - 32.30%的表型变异。标记AHGA44686在多个具有大表型变异（26.23 ∼ 32.30%）的环境中同时且反复地与种子长度和百粒重相关。确定了每个与种子相关性状的关联标记的有利等位基因以及关联标记有利等位基因的最佳组合，以显著提高性状表现，揭示了这些关联标记在花生育种计划中的潜在利用价值。
