Sanjai Karpagaselvi, Baker Anjum, Reddy Lokesh Papiah, Pandey Bhavna
Department of Oral Pathology, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Affiliated to Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2017 Oct-Dec;60(4):528-532. doi: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_202_16.
Diagnosis of initial epithelial pathology maybe difficult in Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), Carcinoma In Situ and other atypical epithelial malignancies, under routine Haematoxylin and Eosin (H and E) stain. The detection of minor basement membrane alterations in doubtful cases is both time consuming and confusing.
To evaluate efficacy of Modified Cajal's Trichrome Stain (CTS) in relation to Haematoxylin and Eosin for study of epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, micro invasive SCC, frank SCC, and SCC in lymph nodes.
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of mild epithelial dysplasia (n = 2), moderate epithelial dysplasia (n = 2), severe epithelial dysplasia (n = 4), carcinoma in situ (n = 1), micro-invasive SCC (n = 4), verrucous carcinoma (n = 1), and frank OSCC (n = 5) were stained with CTS and H&E. The sections were compared based on set histopathological criteria.
In SCC cases stained with CTS, invasion into connective tissue and keratin pearls were strikingly evident. Depth of invasion could be more accurately determined. Tumour cells in lymph node were intensely contrasted and easily discernible. Thus, CTS is a good differential stain, clearly delineating the epithelial elements from the connective tissue elements visually. This helps in tracing the basement membrane very clearly. It is an economic, rapid and easy to use method which cannot replace Haematoxylin and Eosin stain in cancer diagnosis, but can definitely be used adjunctive to it. Prompt diagnosis is crucial to effective treatment, and this stain assists in early and rapid diagnosis of cancer.
在常规苏木精和伊红（H&E）染色下，鳞状细胞癌（SCC）、原位癌和其他非典型上皮恶性肿瘤的初始上皮病变诊断可能存在困难。在可疑病例中检测微小基底膜改变既耗时又容易混淆。
评估改良卡哈尔三色染色（CTS）相对于苏木精和伊红在研究上皮发育异常、原位癌、微侵袭性SCC、浸润性SCC及淋巴结中的SCC方面的效果。
将轻度上皮发育异常（n = 2）、中度上皮发育异常（n = 2）、重度上皮发育异常（n = 4）、原位癌（n = 1）、微侵袭性SCC（n = 4）、疣状癌（n = 1）和浸润性口腔鳞状细胞癌（n = 5）的福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋组织块进行CTS和H&E染色。根据既定的组织病理学标准对切片进行比较。
在CTS染色的SCC病例中，结缔组织浸润和角化珠明显可见。浸润深度能够更准确地确定。淋巴结中的肿瘤细胞对比度强烈且易于辨别。因此，CTS是一种良好的鉴别染色剂，能在视觉上清晰区分上皮成分和结缔组织成分。这有助于非常清晰地追踪基底膜。它是一种经济、快速且易于使用的方法，虽不能替代苏木精和伊红染色用于癌症诊断，但肯定可作为其辅助手段。及时诊断对有效治疗至关重要，这种染色有助于癌症的早期快速诊断。
