Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea.
Psychol Trauma. 2018 Jan;10(1):46-50. doi: 10.1037/tra0000308.
On Wednesday, April 16, 2014, 261 high school students on a field trip died in the sinking of the Sewol ferry. The bereaved family of the Sewol ferry accident experienced one of the most painful traumatic losses such as the sudden death of one's child through an accident. This article reviewed and discussed embitterment related to traumatic loss through the example of the Sewol ferry accident.
Embitterment-related issues and problems in coping with the accident that is caused by societal factors were described. In addition, embitterment-related findings of several previous studies based on bereaved families' mental health cohort study were reviewed.
Traumatic loss of the human-made ferry accident was accompanied with feelings of being cheated, injustice, incompetence, wrongdoing by a perpetrator, and the destruction of one's belief and value system, causing severe embitterment. Embitterment was related to other mental health problems including depression, anxiety, and complicated grief.
Social support and positive individual resource including optimism and wisdom can be helpful for recovery from posttraumatic embitterment. The goal of grief is to remember the decedent, understand the changes created by the loss, and determine how to reinvest in life. Embitterment may disturb the process of grief. Without the management of the embitterment, true grief may not be possible. The breakdown of value systems and severe embitterment should get more attention in future research. (PsycINFO Database Record
2014 年 4 月 16 日星期三，261 名高中生在郊游时乘坐世越号客轮沉船事故中遇难。世越号沉船事故的遇难者家属经历了最痛苦的创伤性丧失之一，即孩子因意外突然死亡。本文通过世越号客轮事故的例子，回顾和讨论了与创伤性丧失相关的痛苦。
描述了由社会因素引起的与事故相关的痛苦问题和应对问题。此外，还回顾了几项基于遇难者家属心理健康队列研究的既往研究中与痛苦相关的发现。
人为的世越号客轮事故的创伤性丧失伴随着被欺骗、不公正、无能、加害者犯错以及信仰和价值体系被破坏的感觉，导致严重的痛苦。痛苦与其他心理健康问题有关，包括抑郁、焦虑和复杂的悲伤。
社会支持和积极的个人资源，包括乐观和智慧，可以帮助从创伤后痛苦中恢复。悲伤的目的是记住逝者，理解因丧失而产生的变化，并决定如何重新投入生活。痛苦可能会干扰悲伤的过程。如果不处理痛苦，真正的悲伤可能是不可能的。未来的研究应该更加关注价值体系的崩溃和严重的痛苦。
