Sonis Stephen T, Villa Alessandro
a Divisions of Oral Medicine and Dentistry , Brigham and Women's Hospital and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA.
b Primary Endpoint Solutions , Watertown , MA , USA.
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2018 Feb;27(2):147-154. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2018.1427732. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
Oral mucositis is a significant unmet clinical need for many cancer patients. The biological complexity of mucositis' pathogenesis provides a number of mechanistic targets suitable as pharmacologic targets. The diversity of targets has stimulated drug development in search of an effective intervention. In this paper, we review a range of agents that are currently being evaluated.
Drugs for management of oral mucositis vary in formulation, route of administration and biological target. Most propose to interrupt the initiation of injury by suppressing activation of the innate immune response or countering oxidative stress, or minimizing downstream inflammatory responses. Overwhelmingly, the population most studied is patients being treated with concomitant chemoradiation for cancers of the head and neck as this is the cohort that most consistently suffers severe mucositis for long periods of time. The Phase 2 pipeline is robust. Preliminary data reported for a number of agents is optimistic. Genomics may be important in interpreting and comparing responses to agents across widely demographically diverse populations.
Oral mucositis remains a significant toxicity for patients undergoing cancer treatment. Incremental reports of successes have been noted for a number of targeted agents.
口腔黏膜炎是许多癌症患者尚未满足的重大临床需求。黏膜炎发病机制的生物学复杂性提供了许多适合作为药物靶点的机制靶点。靶点的多样性刺激了药物研发以寻找有效的干预措施。在本文中，我们综述了一系列目前正在评估的药物。
用于治疗口腔黏膜炎的药物在剂型、给药途径和生物学靶点方面各不相同。大多数药物旨在通过抑制先天性免疫反应的激活或对抗氧化应激，或最小化下游炎症反应来中断损伤的起始。绝大多数研究的人群是接受头颈部癌症同步放化疗的患者，因为这是最常持续长时间遭受严重黏膜炎的队列。2期研发线进展顺利。一些药物报告的初步数据令人乐观。基因组学在解释和比较广泛的不同人群对药物的反应方面可能很重要。
口腔黏膜炎仍然是癌症治疗患者的一种重大毒性反应。对于一些靶向药物，已注意到越来越多的成功报告。
