Yuan Anna, Sonis Stephen
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Oral Medicine , 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 , USA.
Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2014 Sep;19(3):343-51. doi: 10.1517/14728214.2014.946403. Epub 2014 Aug 8.
Oral mucositis remains a common, symptomatically devastating toxicity of common drug and radiation regimens used to treat cancer. The current limited treatment options are likely to be supplemented by an active pipeline in which innovative compounds are being developed which target the underlying biological pathways associated with the condition.
A systematic literature search to identify English-language articles published from January 1995 to December 2013 was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE and Google databases. A supplemental search was conducted of the ClinTrials database. Searches were driven by the following keywords: oral mucositis, mucositis, stomatitis, radiation therapy toxicity, chemotherapy toxicity, and risk prediction.
Discovery and implementation of effective interventions for oral mucositis have been difficult. To date, in the U.S. only palifermin (Kepivance) have been approved and its use is currently confined to patients undergoing stem cell transplant, a very small portion of individuals at risk for mucositis. Fortunately, with the identification of a number of mechanistic pathways which underlie the mucositis' pathogenesis, a rich and diverse pipeline of both topical and systemic compounds are in various stages of pre-clinical and clinical development.
口腔黏膜炎仍然是用于治疗癌症的常见药物和放疗方案所导致的一种常见且症状严重的毒性反应。当前有限的治疗选择可能会因一个活跃的研发产品线而得到补充，该产品线正在开发针对与该病相关的潜在生物学途径的创新化合物。
使用PubMed/MEDLINE和谷歌数据库对1995年1月至2013年12月发表的英文文章进行了系统的文献检索。对临床试验数据库进行了补充检索。检索由以下关键词驱动：口腔黏膜炎、黏膜炎、口腔炎、放射治疗毒性、化疗毒性和风险预测。
发现和实施针对口腔黏膜炎的有效干预措施一直很困难。迄今为止，在美国只有帕利夫明（开浦兰）已获批准，其使用目前仅限于接受干细胞移植的患者，这只是有患黏膜炎风险的人群中的一小部分。幸运的是，随着确定了许多构成黏膜炎发病机制基础的机制途径，大量丰富多样的局部和全身用化合物正处于临床前和临床开发的各个阶段。
