Rudloe Anne
Biol Bull. 1979 Dec;157(3):494-505. doi: 10.2307/1541033.
The horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus lays its eggs on sandy beaches at the level of the highest high tide in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico, buried approximately 18 cm below the surface. When they hatch, the larvae must move from the buried nest site into the marine environment. In the field, nests of larvae move to the sand surface and emerge at the spring high tide on the night of full moon. They may also be released by heavy surf associated with storms. No release occurs on the spring high tides associated with new moon. In the laboratory, larvae are seen to be nocturnally active, both under ambient and DD photoperiods. Activity peaks at times of full and new moons, and larvae are positively phototatic at all lunar phases except new moon. A model to account for observed field behavior in light of laboratory activity and light responses is presented.
鲎（Limulus polyphemus）在墨西哥湾东北部最高高潮位的沙滩上产卵，卵被埋在地表以下约18厘米处。幼虫孵化后，必须从埋卵的巢穴转移到海洋环境中。在野外，幼虫的巢穴会移动到沙面，并在满月当晚的大潮时出现。它们也可能因风暴带来的汹涌海浪而被释放。新月时的大潮不会出现幼虫释放的情况。在实验室中，无论是在自然光照周期还是在持续黑暗光照周期下，都观察到幼虫夜间活跃。活动在满月和新月时达到峰值，除新月外，幼虫在所有月相下都具有正趋光性。本文提出了一个根据实验室活动和光反应来解释观察到的野外行为的模型。
