Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading RG6 6AP, UK.
Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading RG6 6AP, UK.
Cytokine. 2018 Mar;103:29-33. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.031. Epub 2018 Jan 8.
Epidemiological evidence suggests cardioprotective effects of anthocyanin consumption. This study examined the predominant strawberry anthocyanin, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pg-3-glc), and three of its plasma metabolites (protocatechuic acid [PCA], 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and phloroglucinaldehyde [PGA]) for effects on the production of selected cytokines by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 monocytes and macrophages. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were determined using a cytometric bead array kit. PCA at 0.31, 1.25 and 20 μM and PGA at 5 and 20 μM decreased the concentration of IL-6 in the monocyte cultures, but there were no effects on TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-10 and there were no effects of the other compounds. In the macrophage cultures, PGA at 20 μM decreased the concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10, but there was no effect on TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 and there were no effects of the other compounds. In conclusion, while the effects of PGA were only observed at the higher, supraphysiological concentration and are thus considered of limited physiological relevance overall, the anti-inflammatory properties of PCA were observed at both the lower, physiologically relevant, and the higher concentrations; however, effects were modest and limited to IL-6 and monocytes. These preliminary data suggest potential for physiologically attainable PCA concentrations to modulate IL-6 production by monocytes.
流行病学证据表明，花色苷的摄入对心脏具有保护作用。本研究检测了主要的草莓花色苷矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷（Pg-3-glc）及其三种血浆代谢物（原儿茶酸[PCA]、对羟基苯甲酸和间苯三酚醛[PGA]）对脂多糖刺激的 THP-1 单核细胞和巨噬细胞产生的特定细胞因子的影响。使用细胞因子检测试剂盒测定肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-6、IL-8 和 IL-10 的浓度。0.31、1.25 和 20μM 的 PCA 和 5 和 20μM 的 PGA 降低了单核细胞培养物中 IL-6 的浓度，但对 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8 和 IL-10 没有影响，其他化合物也没有影响。在巨噬细胞培养物中，20μM 的 PGA 降低了 IL-6 和 IL-10 的浓度，但对 TNF-α、IL-1β 和 IL-8 没有影响，其他化合物也没有影响。总之，虽然 PGA 的作用仅在较高的、超生理浓度下观察到，因此总体上认为其生理相关性有限，但 PCA 的抗炎特性在较低的、生理相关的和较高的浓度下都观察到；然而，其作用温和，仅限于 IL-6 和单核细胞。这些初步数据表明，生理上可达到的 PCA 浓度有潜力调节单核细胞中 IL-6 的产生。
