Habberstad Caroline, Drake Isabel, Sonestedt Emily
Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease - Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017 Dec 13;8:348. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00348. eCollection 2017.
The preference for sweet taste is partially genetically determined. The major allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs12033832 in the sweet taste receptor () has previously been associated with lower sugar sensitivity and higher sugar intake among overweight individuals. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between dietary intake and the genotype in lean and overweight individuals in the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort using dietary intake data with a high validity.
In total, 3,602 participants (46-68 years old) from the MDC cohort who underwent baseline examinations between 1991 and 1994, who were non-smokers without diabetes, and for whom information regarding rs7534618 (a proxy for rs12033832) was available were included in this study. After excluding individuals with potentially misreported and unstable food habits, 2,204 individuals were retained. A modified dietary history method, including a 7-day food diary of prepared meals, which was specifically designed for the MDC study was used.
Only modest associations were observed between dietary intake and the genotype. We observed slightly stronger associations after excluding individuals with potentially misreported and unstable food habits. Among the participants with a BMI ≥25, the major (T) allele carriers consumed more carbohydrates [TT = 45.2 percentage of energy intake (E%); TG = 45.2E%; GG = 43.7E%; = 0.01] and less fat ( = 0.03), but these participants did not consume more sucrose than the G-allele carriers. No association was observed between the genotype and dietary intake among the participants with a BMI <25.
Although the higher carbohydrate intake among the major allele carriers was consistent with that reported in a previous study, the magnitudes of the associations were substantially smaller. Because we observed no association with sucrose, this allele is unlikely to be useful as a marker of sugar intake in the MDC population.
对甜味的偏好部分由基因决定。甜味受体（）中单个核苷酸多态性rs12033832的主要等位基因先前已被证明与超重个体较低的糖敏感性和较高的糖摄入量有关。本研究的目的是使用具有高有效性的饮食摄入数据，在基于人群的马尔默饮食与癌症（MDC）队列中，研究瘦人和超重个体的饮食摄入与该基因型之间的关联。
本研究纳入了1991年至1994年间在MDC队列中接受基线检查、非吸烟且无糖尿病的3602名参与者（46 - 68岁），且有关于rs7534618（rs12033832的替代指标）的信息。在排除饮食习惯可能报告有误和不稳定的个体后，保留了2204名个体。采用了一种改良的饮食史方法，包括为MDC研究专门设计的7天熟食饮食日记。
在饮食摄入与该基因型之间仅观察到适度的关联。在排除饮食习惯可能报告有误和不稳定的个体后，我们观察到的关联稍强一些。在体重指数（BMI）≥25的参与者中，主要（T）等位基因携带者摄入了更多碳水化合物[TT = 能量摄入的45.2%（E%）；TG = 45.2E%；GG = 43.7E%；P = 0.01]且脂肪摄入较少（P = 0.03），但这些参与者的蔗糖摄入量并不比G等位基因携带者多。在BMI < 25的参与者中，未观察到基因型与饮食摄入之间的关联。
尽管主要等位基因携带者较高的碳水化合物摄入量与先前一项研究的报告一致，但关联程度要小得多。由于我们未观察到与蔗糖的关联，因此该等位基因不太可能作为MDC人群中糖摄入量的标志物。
