Plastic Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London, England.
Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England.
Aesthet Surg J. 2018 Jun 13;38(7):742-748. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjx245.
The nipple-areola complex (NAC) is important aesthetically and functionally for both sexes. Methods for positioning the NAC in males are less well established in the literature compared to females but are just as important.
This study aims to determine the normal parameters for the male NAC, to review literature, and to present a reliable method for preoperative placement.
Normal male patients, with no prior chest wall conditions, were prospectively recruited to participate. General demographics and chest wall dimensions were recorded-sternal notch to nipple (SNND), internipple (IND), anterior axillary folds distances (AFD), NAC, and chest circumference were measured. Comparisons were made using t test and ANOVA.
One hundred and fifty-eight patients were recruited (age range, 18-90 years); mostly (86.7%) with normal or overweight BMI. The IND averaged 249.4 mm, the SNND averaged 204.2 mm, and the AFD averaged 383.8 mm. Areola diameter averaged 26.6 mm and for the nipple, 6.9 mm. The IND:AFD ratio was 0.65. There was no statistical difference in the IND:AFD ratio, SNND, or NAC parameters comparing different ethnic groups. The SNND increased with greater BMI (P ≤ 0.001). Using these data, we suggest ideal NAC dimensions and devised a simple method for positioning of the NAC on the male chest wall.
This is the largest study, with the widest range in age and BMI, to date on this topic. Although fewer men than women undergo surgery to the breast, there is a growing awareness for enhancing the appearance of the male chest wall.
乳头乳晕复合体（NAC）对男女两性的美观和功能都很重要。与女性相比，男性 NAC 定位方法在文献中报道较少，但同样重要。
本研究旨在确定男性 NAC 的正常参数，回顾文献，并提出一种可靠的术前定位方法。
前瞻性招募无先前胸壁疾病的正常男性患者参与。记录一般人口统计学和胸壁尺寸 - 胸骨切迹到乳头（SNND）、乳头间距离（IND）、腋前线距离（AFD）、NAC 和胸围。使用 t 检验和 ANOVA 进行比较。
共招募了 158 名患者（年龄范围 18-90 岁）；大多数（86.7%）为正常或超重 BMI。IND 平均为 249.4mm，SNND 平均为 204.2mm，AFD 平均为 383.8mm。乳晕直径平均为 26.6mm，乳头直径为 6.9mm。IND:AFD 比值为 0.65。不同种族群体之间的 IND:AFD 比值、SNND 或 NAC 参数无统计学差异。BMI 越大，SNND 越大（P≤0.001）。基于这些数据，我们提出了理想的 NAC 尺寸，并设计了一种简单的男性胸壁 NAC 定位方法。
这是迄今为止该主题最大的研究，涵盖了最广泛的年龄和 BMI 范围。尽管接受乳房手术的男性少于女性，但人们对改善男性胸壁外观的意识正在增强。
