Khoshnood Zohreh, Rayyani Masoud, Tirgari Batool
Nursing Research Center, Razi School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran (Islamic Republic of).
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2018 Jan 13;32(4):/j/ijamh.2020.32.issue-4/ijamh-2017-0160/ijamh-2017-0160.xml. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0160.
Background Analysis of nursing theoretical works and its role in knowledge development is presented as an essential process of critical reflection. Health promotion model (HPM) focuses on helping people achieve higher levels of well-being and identifies background factors that influence health behaviors. Objectives This paper aims to evaluate, and critique HPM by Barnum's criteria. Methods The present study reviewed books and articles derived from Proquest, PubMed, Blackwell Databases. The method of evaluation for this model is based on Barnum's criteria for analysis, application and evaluation of nursing theories. The criteria selected by Barnum embrace both internal and external criticism. Internal criticism deals with how theory components fit with each other (internal construction of theory) and external criticism deals with the way in which theory relates to the extended world (which considers theory in its relationships to human beings, nursing, and health). Results The electronic database search yielded over 27,717 titles and abstracts. Following removal of duplicates, 18,963 titles and abstracts were screened using the inclusion criteria and 1278 manuscripts were retrieved. Of these, 80 were specific to HPM and 23 to analysis of any theory in nursing relating to the aim of this article. After final selection using the inclusion criteria for this review, 28 manuscripts were identified as examining the factors contributing to theory analysis. Evaluation of health promotion theory showed that the philosophical claims and their content are consistent and clear. HPM has a logical structure and was applied to diverse age groups from differing cultures with varying health concerns. Conclusion In conclusion, among the strategies for theory critique, the Barnum approach is structured and accurate, considers theory in its relationship to human beings, community psychiatric nursing, and health. While according to Pender, nursing assessment, diagnosis and interventions are utilized to operationalize the HPM through practical application and research.
背景 护理理论著作分析及其在知识发展中的作用被视为批判性反思的一个重要过程。健康促进模式（HPM）专注于帮助人们实现更高水平的幸福，并确定影响健康行为的背景因素。目的 本文旨在依据巴纳姆的标准对健康促进模式进行评估和批判。方法 本研究回顾了来自Proquest、PubMed、布莱克韦尔数据库的书籍和文章。该模式的评估方法基于巴纳姆对护理理论的分析、应用和评估标准。巴纳姆选择的标准涵盖了内部批评和外部批评。内部批评涉及理论组成部分如何相互契合（理论的内部构建），外部批评涉及理论与外部世界的关联方式（这考虑了理论在与人类、护理和健康的关系中的情况）。结果 电子数据库搜索产生了超过27717个标题和摘要。去除重复项后，使用纳入标准筛选出18963个标题和摘要，检索到1278篇手稿。其中，80篇专门针对健康促进模式，23篇涉及与本文目的相关的护理中任何理论的分析。在根据本综述的纳入标准进行最终筛选后，确定有28篇手稿探讨了有助于理论分析的因素。对健康促进理论的评估表明，其哲学主张及其内容是一致且清晰的。健康促进模式具有逻辑结构，并被应用于来自不同文化、有着不同健康问题的不同年龄组。结论 总之，在理论批判策略中，巴纳姆方法结构严谨且准确，考虑了理论与人类、社区精神科护理和健康的关系。而根据彭德的观点，护理评估、诊断和干预通过实际应用和研究被用于将健康促进模式付诸实践。
