Bostan Andreea C, Dum Richard P, Strick Peter L
Prog Neurol Surg. 2018;33:50-61. doi: 10.1159/000480748. Epub 2018 Jan 12.
The neural connections of the basal ganglia provide important insights into their function. Here, we discuss the current perspective on basal ganglia connections with the cerebral cortex and with the cerebellum. We review the evidence that the basal ganglia participate in functionally segregated circuits with motor and non-motor areas of the cerebral cortex. We then discuss the data that the basal ganglia are interconnected with the cerebellum. These results provide the anatomical substrate for basal ganglia contributions not only to the control of movement, but also to a variety of cognitive and affective functions. Furthermore, these findings indicate that abnormal activity in basal ganglia circuits with the cerebral cortex and with the cerebellum may contribute to both motor and non-motor deficits associated with several neurologic and psychiatric conditions.
基底神经节的神经连接为了解其功能提供了重要线索。在此，我们讨论目前关于基底神经节与大脑皮层以及与小脑连接的观点。我们回顾了基底神经节参与大脑皮层运动和非运动区域功能分离回路的证据。然后我们讨论基底神经节与小脑相互连接的数据。这些结果为基底神经节不仅对运动控制，而且对多种认知和情感功能所做的贡献提供了解剖学基础。此外，这些发现表明，基底神经节与大脑皮层以及与小脑的回路中异常活动可能导致与多种神经和精神疾病相关的运动和非运动缺陷。
