Caligiore Daniele, Pezzulo Giovanni, Baldassarre Gianluca, Bostan Andreea C, Strick Peter L, Doya Kenji, Helmich Rick C, Dirkx Michiel, Houk James, Jörntell Henrik, Lago-Rodriguez Angel, Galea Joseph M, Miall R Chris, Popa Traian, Kishore Asha, Verschure Paul F M J, Zucca Riccardo, Herreros Ivan
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISTC-CNR), Via San Martino della Battaglia 44, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Systems Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neurobiology, and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, 4079 BST-3, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Cerebellum. 2017 Feb;16(1):203-229. doi: 10.1007/s12311-016-0763-3.
Despite increasing evidence suggesting the cerebellum works in concert with the cortex and basal ganglia, the nature of the reciprocal interactions between these three brain regions remains unclear. This consensus paper gathers diverse recent views on a variety of important roles played by the cerebellum within the cerebello-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical system across a range of motor and cognitive functions. The paper includes theoretical and empirical contributions, which cover the following topics: recent evidence supporting the dynamical interplay between cerebellum, basal ganglia, and cortical areas in humans and other animals; theoretical neuroscience perspectives and empirical evidence on the reciprocal influences between cerebellum, basal ganglia, and cortex in learning and control processes; and data suggesting possible roles of the cerebellum in basal ganglia movement disorders. Although starting from different backgrounds and dealing with different topics, all the contributors agree that viewing the cerebellum, basal ganglia, and cortex as an integrated system enables us to understand the function of these areas in radically different ways. In addition, there is unanimous consensus between the authors that future experimental and computational work is needed to understand the function of cerebellar-basal ganglia circuitry in both motor and non-motor functions. The paper reports the most advanced perspectives on the role of the cerebellum within the cerebello-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical system and illustrates other elements of consensus as well as disagreements and open questions in the field.
尽管越来越多的证据表明小脑与大脑皮层和基底神经节协同工作，但这三个脑区之间相互作用的本质仍不清楚。这篇共识性论文汇集了近期关于小脑在小脑 - 基底神经节 - 丘脑 - 皮层系统中在一系列运动和认知功能中所起的各种重要作用的不同观点。该论文包括理论和实证贡献，涵盖以下主题：支持人类和其他动物中小脑、基底神经节和皮层区域之间动态相互作用的最新证据；关于小脑、基底神经节和皮层在学习和控制过程中相互影响的理论神经科学观点和实证证据；以及表明小脑在基底神经节运动障碍中可能作用的数据。尽管所有贡献者的背景不同且处理的主题各异，但他们都一致认为，将小脑、基底神经节和皮层视为一个整合系统能使我们以截然不同的方式理解这些区域的功能。此外，作者们一致认为，未来需要进行实验和计算工作，以了解小脑 - 基底神经节回路在运动和非运动功能中的作用。该论文报告了关于小脑在小脑 - 基底神经节 - 丘脑 - 皮层系统中作用的最前沿观点，并阐述了该领域的其他共识要点以及分歧和未解决的问题。
