澳大利亚成年人睡眠状况的流行率和共病情况：2016 年睡眠健康基金会全国调查。

Prevalence and comorbidity of sleep conditions in Australian adults: 2016 Sleep Health Foundation national survey.

机构信息

The Health Observatory, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Campus, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Freemason's Centre for Men's Health, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Population Research & Outcomes Studies, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

出版信息

Sleep Health. 2018 Feb;4(1):13-19. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2017.10.006. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.sleh.2017.10.006

PMID:29332673

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine the prevalence of sleep conditions (obstructive sleep apnea [OSA], insomnia symptoms, simple snoring, and restless legs) and their associated burden of chronic conditions in a community sample.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional national adult online survey.

SETTING

Community-based sample.

PARTICIPANTS

Australian adults ≥18 years, N = 1011.

MEASUREMENTS

A cross-sectional national online survey assessed diagnosed OSA, OSA symptoms, insomnia symptoms, sleep problems, excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale ≥11), and physician-diagnosed health conditions (heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, reflux disease, lung disease, depression, anxiety/panic disorder, arthritis). Possible undiagnosed OSA was estimated using self-reported frequent loud snoring and witness apneas. International Criteria for Sleep Disorders-3 criteria identified insomnia symptoms. Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, obesity, and smoking determined correlates of sleep disorders.

RESULTS

Comorbid sleep conditions were common, with 56% of participants demonstrating ≥1 condition. Reporting ≥1 mental health condition (depression and/or anxiety) was independently associated with diagnosed OSA (odds ratio [95% confidence interval {CI}]: 6.6 [3.2-13.6]), undiagnosed OSA (3.2 [1.8-5.8]), simple snoring (2.4 [1.2-4.5]), insomnia symptoms (4.3 [2.5-7.3]), and restless legs (1.9 [1.2-3.1]). Diagnosed OSA was significantly associated with ≥1 cardiometabolic condition (2.9 [1.4-6.0]) and arthritis (3.6 [1.8-7.2]). ESS ≥11 was associated with diagnosed (3.1 [1.4-6.8]) and undiagnosed OSA (6.2 [3.4-11.4]), insomnia symptoms (2.6 [1.4-4.9]), and restless legs (2.3 [1.4-4.0]), and these sleep conditions were also significantly associated with ≥2 diagnosed medical problems.

CONCLUSION

Strategies to facilitate the diagnosis and management of often comorbid sleep disorders in primary care are required to reduce the significant sleep-related disparities in cardiometabolic and mental health.

摘要

目的

在社区样本中确定睡眠状况（阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停[OSA]、失眠症状、单纯打鼾和不宁腿）及其相关慢性疾病负担的流行情况。

设计

横断面全国成人在线调查。

地点

社区为基础的样本。

参与者

澳大利亚≥18 岁的成年人，N=1011。

测量

一项横断面全国在线调查评估了诊断为 OSA、OSA 症状、失眠症状、睡眠问题、白天过度嗜睡（Epworth 嗜睡量表≥11）和医生诊断的健康状况（心脏病、糖尿病、高血压、反流病、肺病、抑郁症、焦虑/惊恐障碍、关节炎）。使用自我报告的频繁响亮打鼾和目击者呼吸暂停来估计可能未诊断的 OSA。国际睡眠障碍分类-3 标准确定失眠症状。使用逻辑回归模型调整年龄、性别、肥胖和吸烟来确定睡眠障碍的相关因素。

结果

共患睡眠状况很常见，有 56%的参与者表现出≥1 种状况。报告≥1 种心理健康状况（抑郁和/或焦虑）与诊断为 OSA（优势比[95%置信区间{CI}]:6.6[3.2-13.6]）、未诊断的 OSA（3.2[1.8-5.8]）、单纯打鼾（2.4[1.2-4.5]）、失眠症状（4.3[2.5-7.3]）和不宁腿（1.9[1.2-3.1]）独立相关。诊断为 OSA 与≥1 种心血管代谢疾病（2.9[1.4-6.0]）和关节炎（3.6[1.8-7.2]）显著相关。ESS≥11 与诊断为（3.1[1.4-6.8]）和未诊断的 OSA（6.2[3.4-11.4]）、失眠症状（2.6[1.4-4.9]）和不宁腿（2.3[1.4-4.0]）相关，这些睡眠状况也与≥2 种诊断的医疗问题显著相关。