Antiproliferative Effect of Earthworm Coelomic Fluid of , , and on Squamous Cell Carcinoma-9 Cell Line: A Pilot Study.

INTRODUCTION

The earthworm coelomic fluid (ECF) has shown proven antiproliferative effect against breast, liver, gastrointestinal, and brain cancer, but it is least explored in oral cancer. The present study is an attempt to investigate the antiproliferative activity of ECF on oral cancer cell line squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-9.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

ECF was collected from the species (EE), (EF), and (PE) stored at -80°C. Percentage inhibition of ECF on squamous cell carcinoma-9 cells was recorded at 24 h. Protein estimation was done using Bradford protein assay validated by the biuret method. Cytotoxicity was tested at 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μg/ml concentrations by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay in SCC-9 cells . GraphPad Prism 7.0 software was used to calculate the inhibitory concentration (IC). Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference between samples.

RESULTS

The test samples EE, EF, and PE inhibited the growth of SCC-9 cells significantly in a dose-dependent manner, and the IC values were found to be 4.6, 44.69, and 5.27 μg/ml, respectively. The antiproliferative effect was found to be variable among the three earthworm species with EE showing the most promising effect followed by PE and EF.

CONCLUSION

Establishing the antiproliferative effect of ECF on oral cancer cells could be an initial step toward drug development and future anticancer research. The preliminary investigation has shown that ECF has a promising antiproliferative effect on oral cancer cells .

SUMMARY

The present pilot study evaluated the antiproliferative effect of earthworm coelomic fluid (ECF) of (EE), (EF), and (PE) on squamous cell carcinoma-9 cell line. The ECF inhibitory activity was promising at inhibitory concentration values of 4.6, 44.69, and 5.27 μg/ml, respectively. Further studies pertaining to antiproliferative mechanism of EE, EF, and PE have been planned. ECF: Earthworm coelomic fluid, EE: , EF: , PE: , MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma, BSA: Bovine serum albumin, PBS: Phosphored buffered saline, ATCC: American Type Culture Collection.