Yang Leping, He Jun, Wen Yu, Yi Wenjun, Li Qinglong, Lin Liangwu, Miao Xiongying, Chen Wei, Xiong Li
J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2016 Jul;12(7):1348-73. doi: 10.1166/jbn.2016.2284.
Colorectal cancer is the most common form of gastroenteric cancer worldwide. Photodynamic therapy is emerging as an attractive method to treat cancers. Candidate targets of photodynamic therapy include epidermal growth factor receptors, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, estrogen receptors, the nucleus and DNA, folic acid receptors, cholecystokinin A receptors, lectin saccharide receptors, and tumor-specific antibodies. Specifically, in colorectal tumors, anti-DR5 antibody and cancer-specific antibody moieties are involved. Cancer cells incorporate greater quantities of sugars, and glycoconjugated photosensitizer has remarkable internalization and cytotoxicity in colon/colorectal cancer cells. Simultaneously, to circumvent the bio-distribution limitation, other molecules, including lectins, Hyaluronic acid, and peptides, have also been considered for colorectal cancer. Other novel strategies indirectly targeting colorectal cancer include pH-responsive PS, enzymatically activated photosensitization, and cancer-suppressing immune cells, mainly macrophages. Recently, nanoparticles have gained attention as a versatile platform for multi-functional photodynamic therapy. In this review, we summarize the targeting strategies investigated and highlight the potential of nanoparticles for target photodynamic therapy in colorectal cancer.
结直肠癌是全球最常见的胃肠道癌症形式。光动力疗法正成为一种有吸引力的癌症治疗方法。光动力疗法的候选靶点包括表皮生长因子受体、胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白、雌激素受体、细胞核和DNA、叶酸受体、胆囊收缩素A受体、凝集素糖受体以及肿瘤特异性抗体。具体而言，在结直肠肿瘤中，涉及抗DR5抗体和癌症特异性抗体部分。癌细胞摄取更多的糖类，糖缀合光敏剂在结肠/结直肠癌细胞中具有显著的内化作用和细胞毒性。同时，为了规避生物分布限制，其他分子，包括凝集素、透明质酸和肽，也被考虑用于结直肠癌治疗。其他间接靶向结直肠癌的新策略包括pH响应性光敏剂、酶促激活光致敏以及癌症抑制免疫细胞，主要是巨噬细胞。最近，纳米颗粒作为多功能光动力疗法的通用平台受到了关注。在本综述中，我们总结了所研究的靶向策略，并强调了纳米颗粒在结直肠癌靶向光动力疗法中的潜力。
