Preference for high carbohydrate over various high fat diets by diabetic rats.

Streptozotocin-diabetic male rats were hyperphagic relative to nondiabetic controls when offered only high carbohydrate (CHO) laboratory chow. Diabetics and controls ate about the same amount of high fat diets made from 67% w/w chow and 33% either coconut oil (saturated) or safflower oil (unsaturated). However, when offered a simultaneous choice of high fat diets and chow, nondiabetics and low dose (35 mg/kg) streptozotocin-diabetics showed a preference for the high fat diet: in contrast the high dose (65 mg/kg) streptozotocin diabetics developed a preference for chow. When pairs of isocaloric synthetic diets were offered, diabetics again preferred low fat/high CHO to high fat/low CHO diets, but the actual intake of fat was not constant across different diet pairs. Nondiabetics also selected away from the high fat diets in these synthetic diet pairs, even when saccharin was added to the high fat diet in an attempt to equate its sweetness with that of the paired low fat-high CHO diet. Plasma ketone levels of diabetics during obligatory high fat diet consumption were negatively correlated with their subsequent preference for the fat diet over simultaneously-offered chow. These data show that strong dietary preferences do not develop for fat in diabetics and suggest that high fat diets do not have net beneficial postingestional effects in these rats.