Karami-Mohajeri Somayyeh, Ahmadipour Ahmad, Rahimi Hamid-Reza, Abdollahi Mohammad
1Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2017 Dec 20;68(4):261-275. doi: 10.1515/aiht-2017-68-2989.
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are widely used volatile pesticides that have harmful effects on the liver in acute and chronic exposures. This review article summarises and discusses a wide collection of studies published over the last 40 years reporting on the effects of OPs on the liver, in an attempt to propose general mechanisms of OP hepatotoxicity and possible treatment. Several key biological processes have been reported as involved in OP-induced hepatotoxicity such as disturbances in the antioxidant defence system, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial and microsomal metabolism. Most studies show that antioxidants can attenuate oxidative stress and the consequent changes in liver function. However, few studies have examined the relationship between OP structures and the severity and mechanism of their action. We hope that future in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials will answer the remaining questions about the mechanisms of OP hepatotoxicity and its management.
有机磷农药（OPs）是广泛使用的挥发性农药，急性和慢性接触都会对肝脏产生有害影响。这篇综述文章总结并讨论了过去40年发表的大量关于OPs对肝脏影响的研究，试图提出OPs肝毒性的一般机制和可能的治疗方法。据报道，OPs诱导的肝毒性涉及几个关键的生物学过程，如抗氧化防御系统紊乱、氧化应激、细胞凋亡以及线粒体和微粒体代谢。大多数研究表明，抗氧化剂可以减轻氧化应激以及随之而来的肝功能变化。然而，很少有研究探讨OPs结构与其作用的严重程度和机制之间的关系。我们希望未来的体外、体内和临床试验能够解答关于OPs肝毒性机制及其管理的剩余问题。
