a Department of Psychiatry , University of Rochester , Rochester , NY , USA.
Aging Ment Health. 2019 Apr;23(4):455-460. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1423027. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
To investigate whether observed interactions of mindfulness with the personality trait neuroticism extend to older adults and to aspects of psychological functioning other than depressive symptoms, and whether effects of mindfulness training in this population depend on levels of neuroticism.
We performed a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) for community-dwelling older adults. We investigated whether neuroticism moderates associations of dispositional mindfulness with various aspects of psychological and physical functioning at baseline, as well as effects of MBSR on these outcomes.
Significant two-way interactions showed that greater mindfulness was associated with fewer depressive symptoms and less negative affect at baseline in individuals with average or higher levels of neuroticism. In contrast, mindfulness was associated with greater positive affect and vitality and fewer physical symptoms regardless of the level of neuroticism. There were no effects of MBSR on these outcomes at any level of neuroticism.
Mindfulness may be more protective against psychological ill-being in older adults with higher levels of neuroticism, but conducive to positive psychological and physical well-being regardless of this personality trait. The potential moderating role of neuroticism should be further evaluated in studies of mindfulness-based interventions in older adults.
探究正念与神经质人格特质的交互作用是否会延伸到老年人，并扩展到抑郁症状以外的其他心理功能方面，以及正念训练对该人群的影响是否取决于神经质水平。
我们对一项针对社区居住的老年人的正念减压（MBSR）的随机对照试验的数据进行了二次分析。我们调查了在基线时，特质正念是否与心理和生理功能的各个方面存在关联，以及 MBSR 对这些结果的影响，神经质特质是否存在调节作用。
显著的双向交互作用表明，在神经质水平处于中等或较高水平的个体中，较高的正念与较少的抑郁症状和较低的负性情绪相关。相比之下，无论神经质水平如何，正念与更高的正性情绪和活力以及更少的身体症状相关。在任何神经质水平下，MBSR 对这些结果都没有影响。
在神经质水平较高的老年人中，正念可能更能预防心理不适，但无论这一人格特质如何，都有助于积极的心理和生理幸福感。神经质的潜在调节作用应在老年人的正念干预研究中进一步评估。
