GeoVax Inc, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 16;8(1):864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-19041-y.
Ebola virus (EBOV), isolate Makona, was the causative agent of the West African epidemic devastating predominantly Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone from 2013-2016. While several experimental vaccine and treatment approaches have been accelerated through human clinical trials, there is still no approved countermeasure available against this disease. Here, we report the construction and preclinical efficacy testing of a novel recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-based vaccine expressing the EBOV-Makona glycoprotein GP and matrix protein VP40 (MVA-EBOV). GP and VP40 form EBOV-like particles and elicit protective immune responses. In this study, we report 100% protection against lethal EBOV infection in guinea pigs after prime/boost vaccination with MVA-EBOV. Furthermore, this MVA-EBOV protected macaques from lethal disease after a single dose or prime/boost vaccination. The vaccine elicited a variety of antibody responses to both antigens, including neutralizing antibodies and antibodies with antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic activity specific for GP. This is the first report that a replication-deficient MVA vector can confer full protection against lethal EBOV challenge after a single dose vaccination in macaques.
埃博拉病毒（EBOV），马科纳分离株，是 2013 年至 2016 年在几内亚、利比里亚和塞拉利昂肆虐的西非疫情的病原体。虽然已经通过人体临床试验加速了几种实验性疫苗和治疗方法的开发，但针对这种疾病仍然没有批准的对策。在这里，我们报告了一种新型重组改良安卡拉痘苗病毒（MVA）疫苗的构建和临床前疗效测试，该疫苗表达埃博拉病毒马科纳糖蛋白 GP 和基质蛋白 VP40（MVA-EBOV）。GP 和 VP40 形成类似埃博拉病毒的颗粒，并引发保护性免疫反应。在这项研究中，我们报告了用 MVA-EBOV 进行初免-加强免疫接种后，100%保护豚鼠免受致命埃博拉病毒感染。此外，单次或初免-加强免疫接种 MVA-EBOV 可保护猕猴免受致命疾病的侵害。该疫苗诱导针对两种抗原的多种抗体反应，包括针对 GP 的中和抗体和具有抗体依赖性细胞细胞毒性活性的抗体。这是首次报道复制缺陷型 MVA 载体在猕猴中单次接种即可完全保护免受致命性 EBOV 挑战。
