College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
College of Mining, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jan 13;15(1):133. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15010133.
This study features a survey of the concentrations of aluminum (Al) and heavy metals (Mn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn) in tea leaves and the corresponding cultivation soils (0-30 cm), carried out in Puan County (Guizhou Province, China). The average concentrations of Al, Mn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn in the soil were 106 × 10³, 214, 20.9, 0.09, 0.12, 17.5, 121, 27.8, 131.2, and 64 mg·kg, respectively. The heavy metals' pollution indexes in the soil can be ranked as follows: Cu > Cr > Hg > As > Ni > Zn > Pb > Mn > Cd. The soil was moderately polluted by Cu because of the high geochemical background value of Cu in the area. The potential environment risk index (RI) showed that 7.69% out of the total sample sites were within the moderate level. Moreover, the ranges of Al, Mn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn concentrations in young tea leaves were 250-660, 194-1130, 0.107-0.400, 0.012-0.092, 0.014-0.085, 0.073-0.456, 0.33-1.26, 6.33-14.90, 14.90-26.10, and 35.8-50.3 mg·kg, respectively. While in mature tea leaves, they were 4300-10,400, 536-4610, 0.560-1.265, 0.040-0.087, 0.043-0.089, 0.189-0.453, 0.69-2.91, 3.43-14.20, 6.17-16.25, and 9.1-20.0 mg·kg, respectively. Furthermore, the concentrations of Pb, Cu, As, Hg, Cd, and Cr in young tea leaves and mature tea leaves were all lower than the standard limit values (5.0, 30, 2.0, 0.3, 1.0, and 5.0 mg·kg for Pb, Cu, As, Hg, Cd, and Cr, respectively) in China. Besides, the accumulation ability of tea leaves to Mn was the strongest, and the average bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Mn in mature tea leaves was 12.5. In addition, the average target hazard quotients (THQ) were all less than one for the young tea leaves and the average aggregate risk hazard index (HI) to adults was 0.272, indicating that there was not a potential health risk for adults through the consumption of the infusions brewed by young tea leaves. However, for mature tea leaves, the percentage which HI values were above one was 38.46%, and the risk to adults via the consumption of mature tea infusions were mainly contributed by Mn and Al.
本研究对贵州省普安县茶园土壤（0-30cm）及茶叶中的铝（Al）和重金属（Mn、Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn）浓度进行了调查。土壤中 Al、Mn、Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn 的平均浓度分别为 106×10³、214、20.9、0.09、0.12、17.5、121、27.8、131.2、64mg·kg。土壤中重金属的污染指数可排序为：Cu＞Cr＞Hg＞As＞Ni＞Zn＞Pb＞Mn＞Cd。由于该地区铜的地球化学背景值较高，土壤中 Cu 处于中度污染水平。潜在环境风险指数（RI）表明，总样本中有 7.69%处于中度水平。此外，在幼茶中，Al、Mn、Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn 的浓度范围分别为 250-660、194-1130、0.107-0.400、0.012-0.092、0.014-0.085、0.073-0.456、0.33-1.26、6.33-14.90、14.90-26.10 和 35.8-50.3mg·kg，在成熟茶中，Al、Mn、Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn 的浓度范围分别为 4300-10400、536-4610、0.560-1.265、0.040-0.087、0.043-0.089、0.189-0.453、0.69-2.91、3.43-14.20、6.17-16.25 和 9.1-20.0mg·kg。此外，在幼茶和成熟茶中，Pb、Cu、As、Hg、Cd 和 Cr 的浓度均低于中国标准限值（5.0、30、2.0、0.3、1.0 和 5.0mg·kg 分别为 Pb、Cu、As、Hg、Cd 和 Cr）。此外，茶叶对 Mn 的积累能力最强，成熟茶叶中 Mn 的平均生物浓缩系数（BCF）为 12.5。此外，年轻茶叶的平均目标危害系数（THQ）均小于 1，成年人的总平均综合风险指数（HI）为 0.272，表明成年人通过饮用冲泡的年轻茶叶不存在潜在的健康风险。然而，对于成熟茶叶，HI 值大于 1 的比例为 38.46%，成年人通过饮用成熟茶叶摄入的风险主要来自 Mn 和 Al。
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