Mishra Sushanta Kumar, Dash Somanath
Department of Community Medicine, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2017 Dec;7(Suppl 1):S42-S46. doi: 10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_153_17.
Health professionals are documented as an important cause for stigmatizing people living with HIV (PLHIV). Since traditional teaching on HIV in India does not address cultural competencies, medical graduates lack sociocultural sensitiveness while addressing the health needs of PLHIV.
The aim of this study is to develop and to implement a module for medical graduates to improve their sociocultural sensitivity toward PLHIV.
A module was designed and introduced to address the core sensitive issues in HIV among medical graduates with the help of trained faculty. It included community education sessions including interaction with PLHIV to address cross-cultural issues and understand their health needs. Feedback for the perception of faculty and students was obtained. Knowledge and skills improvement was assessed through pre- and post test and direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS).
Mean feedback score was high for all the components covered by the module. It was found to be more for "usefulness of module" (4.91 ± 0.27836 on a scale of 5) than other components of the module. Feedback by faculty showed almost perfect agreement on "improvement of student's clinical skills" and "bringing perfection in their future practice" across multiple raters. Multiple response open-ended feedback showed, 78 (19%) responses affirmed improvement in communication skills with training in this module. Pre- and post test mean score for knowledge showed an increase (22.1 to 26.49). Mean skills improvement as per expectations were 86.81 and beyond expectations were 5.34.
Training the medical graduates in structured HIV specific module improves their socio-cultural sensitivity toward PLHIV and is perceived useful.
有记录表明，卫生专业人员是污名化艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）的一个重要原因。由于印度关于艾滋病毒的传统教学未涉及文化能力，医学毕业生在满足PLHIV的健康需求时缺乏社会文化敏感性。
本研究的目的是为医学毕业生开发并实施一个模块，以提高他们对PLHIV的社会文化敏感性。
在经过培训的教员的帮助下，设计并引入了一个模块，以解决医学毕业生中与艾滋病毒相关的核心敏感问题。该模块包括社区教育课程，其中包括与PLHIV互动，以解决跨文化问题并了解他们的健康需求。收集了教员和学生看法的反馈。通过前后测试和对操作技能的直接观察（DOPS）来评估知识和技能的提高情况。
该模块涵盖的所有组成部分的平均反馈得分都很高。发现“模块的有用性”（在5分制中为4.91±0.27836）比该模块的其他组成部分得分更高。教员的反馈表明，在“学生临床技能的提高”和“使他们未来的实践更加完善”方面，多个评分者之间几乎完全一致。多项开放式反馈显示，78（19%）份回复肯定了通过该模块的培训，沟通技能有所提高。知识的前后测试平均得分有所提高（从22.1提高到26.49）。技能提高达到预期的平均比例为86.81，超出预期的比例为5.34。
对医学毕业生进行针对艾滋病毒的结构化模块培训，可提高他们对PLHIV的社会文化敏感性，且被认为是有用的。
