Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2018 Aug;66(4):289-298. doi: 10.1007/s00005-018-0504-z. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
The idea of using the effector immune cells to specifically fight cancer has recently evolved into an exciting concept of adoptive cell therapies. Indeed, genetically engineered T cells expressing on their surface recombinant, cancer-targeted receptors have been shown to induce promising response in oncological patients. However, in addition to exogenous expression of such receptors, there is also a need for disruption of certain genes in the immune cells to achieve more potent disease-targeted actions, to produce universal chimeric antigen receptor-based therapies or to study the signaling pathways in detail. In this review, we present novel genetic engineering methods, mainly TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 systems, that can be used for such purposes. These unique techniques may contribute to creating more successful immune therapies against cancer or prospectively other diseases as well.
利用效应免疫细胞特异性杀伤癌症的理念最近已发展成为过继细胞疗法的一个令人兴奋的概念。事实上，表面表达重组、针对癌症的受体的基因工程 T 细胞已被证明能在肿瘤患者中诱导有前景的反应。然而，除了外源性表达这些受体之外，还需要破坏免疫细胞中的某些基因，以实现更有效的针对疾病的作用，从而产生通用的嵌合抗原受体为基础的治疗方法，或详细研究信号通路。在这篇综述中，我们提出了可用于此类目的的新型基因工程方法，主要是 TALEN 和 CRISPR/Cas9 系统。这些独特的技术可能有助于创造更成功的针对癌症或其他潜在疾病的免疫疗法。
