von Stillfried E
Abteilung für Orthopädie, Sektion Kinderorthopädie, Vulpius Klinik Bad Rappenau, Vulpiusstraße 29, 74906, Bad Rappenau, Deutschland.
Radiologe. 2018 May;58(5):476-481. doi: 10.1007/s00117-017-0349-1.
Most deformities of the foot are visible at birth and can be diagnosed without imaging. They can be divided into congenital flexible, congenital structural and acquired foot deformities. The most common congenital flexible foot deformity in children is the metatarsus adductus, which usually requires no long-term therapy. Regarding congenital structural deformities, such as the clubfoot and talus verticalis, plaster therapy should be started during the first week of life, so that by the end of the first year of life and the beginning of the verticalization, a pain-free resilient foot with normal function is present. Imaging is usually only necessary if a relapse arises. Coalitio of the tarsal bones is often visible only in the course of growth through the development of a rigid flatfoot and always requires imaging to confirm the diagnosis. This article is intended to give the radiologist an overview of the most important deformities and to inform about their course and therapy.
大多数足部畸形在出生时即可见到,无需影像学检查就能诊断。它们可分为先天性柔韧性、先天性结构性和后天性足部畸形。儿童中最常见的先天性柔韧性足部畸形是内收足,通常无需长期治疗。对于先天性结构性畸形,如马蹄内翻足和垂直距骨,应在出生后第一周开始石膏治疗,以便在一岁末和开始垂直化时,形成功能正常且无痛的弹性足。通常只有在复发时才需要进行影像学检查。跗骨联合通常只有在生长过程中通过僵硬扁平足的发展才可见,且始终需要影像学检查来确诊。本文旨在为放射科医生提供最重要畸形的概述,并告知其病程和治疗方法。