Wolkin Amy, Patterson Jennifer Rees, Harris Shelly, Soler Elena, Burrer Sherry, McGeehin Michael, Greene Sandra
Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
SciMetrika, LLC, Durham, NC, USA.
J Homel Secur Emerg Manag. 2015 Dec;12(4):809-822. doi: 10.1515/jhsem-2014-0104. Epub 2015 Jun 16.
All regions of the US experience disasters which result in a number of negative public health consequences. Some populations have higher levels of social vulnerability and, thus, are more likely to experience negative impacts of disasters including emotional distress, loss of property, illness, and death. To mitigate the impact of disasters on at-risk populations, emergency managers must be aware of the social vulnerabilities within their community. This paper describes a qualitative study which aimed to understand how emergency managers identify social vulnerabilities, also referred to as at-risk populations, in their populations and barriers and facilitators to current approaches. Findings suggest that although public health tools have been developed to aid emergency managers in identifying at-risk populations, they are not being used consistently. Emergency managers requested more information on the availability of tools as well as guidance on how to increase ability to identify at-risk populations.
美国所有地区都会经历导致一系列负面公共卫生后果的灾难。一些人群具有较高的社会脆弱性，因此更有可能遭受灾难的负面影响，包括情绪困扰、财产损失、疾病和死亡。为减轻灾难对高危人群的影响，应急管理人员必须了解其社区内的社会脆弱性。本文描述了一项定性研究，旨在了解应急管理人员如何识别其人群中的社会脆弱性，即高危人群，以及当前方法的障碍和促进因素。研究结果表明，尽管已经开发了公共卫生工具来帮助应急管理人员识别高危人群，但这些工具并未得到一致使用。应急管理人员要求提供更多关于工具可用性的信息以及如何提高识别高危人群能力的指导。
